Abitur NRW Englisch 2021 · GK · Haupttermin · Weiterbildungskolleg (Kolleg)

Klausurteil A

Rob Hart

The Warehouse

The novel takes place in the United States in the not-too-distant future. The protagonist, Paxton, has just reached one of the recruitment centres of Cloud, a huge online retailer, which is housed in a former theatre. Two years earlier he had left his job as a prison guard and founded a small business of his own, but he was forced to shut it down because of Cloud’s aggressive market strategies. He is now about to start a computer-based application process.

The screen flared to life, large numbers at the center of the display.

Ten.

Then nine.

Then eight.

5 When it hit zero, the tablet buzzed and flashed, and the numbers were replaced by a series

of empty fields. Paxton balanced it on his lap and focused.

Name, contact information, brief work history. Shirt size?

Paxton’s hand hovered over Work History. He didn’t want to explain what he had done before

this, and the confluence of events that had brought him to a broken theater in a broken town.

10 Because to do that meant having to explain that Cloud had destroyed his life.

Anyway, what would he write?

Would they even know who he was?

If they didn’t, was that better or worse?

Paxton found he did, in fact, have more room for sadness, at the thought of applying for this

15 job with CEO in the work history field.

His stomach knotted and he settled on the prison. Fifteen years. A long enough time to

demonstrate loyalty. That’s what he would call it, if he were asked: loyalty. If someone wanted

to know about the gap, those two years between the prison and now, he’d deal with it.

After he filled in all the fields, the next screen appeared.

20 Have you ever stolen anything?

Underneath were two buttons. Green Yes and red No.

He rubbed his eyes, the brightness of the screen making them ache. […]

Paxton tried to give each question serious consideration, even if he wasn’t sure what it all

meant, though he figured there was some kind of algorithm – something that would reveal

25 to them the core of his personality through his opinion on astronomy.

He answered questions until he lost count. Then the screen went blank, and it stayed blank

long enough that he wondered if he had done something wrong. He looked around for help

but, finding none, looked back to the screen, where there was more text.

Thank you for your answers. Now we ask for a brief

30 statement. When you see the timer appear in the lower

left-hand corner, the recording will start, and you’ll have

one minute to explain why you want to work at Cloud.

Please note, you don’t need to speak for the entire

minute. A clear, simple, and direct explanation will

35 suffice. When you feel that you are finished, you may hit

the red dot at the bottom of the screen to end the

recording. You will not have the opportunity to rerecord.

Paxton’s face appeared reflected back to him, distorted by the tilt of the screen, his skin

washed to a sickly gray by the glow. A timer appeared in the bottom left-hand corner.

40 1:00

Then:

:59

“I didn’t realize I would have to give a speech,” Paxton said, giving his best this-is-a-joke

smile, which looked sharper than he intended. “I guess I would say that, uh, you know, it’s

45 tough to get a job in this day and age, and between that and looking for a new place to live I

figure it’s kinda perfect, right?”

:43

“I mean, I really do want to work here. I think, uh, it’s an incredible opportunity to learn

and grow. Like the commercial says, ‘Cloud is the solution to every need.’” He shook his

50 head. “I’m sorry, I’m not great at talking off the cuff.”

:22

Deep breath.

“But I’m a hard worker. I take pride in my work and I promise to give this my all.”

:09

55 Paxton pressed the red button and his face disappeared. The screen flashed to white. He

cursed himself for stumbling through that. Had he known this would be part of the

application he would have practiced.

Thank you. Please wait while the interview results are

tabulated. At the end of the process your screen will turn

60 either green or red. If red, we are sorry, either you

failed the drug test, or you did not meet the standards

expected at Cloud. You may exit the building and you must

wait one month before reapplying. If green, then please

stay and await further instructions.

65 The tablet turned black. Paxton raised his head and looked around, to see everyone else

raising their heads […].

Paxton balanced the tablet on his knees, not sure whether he wanted to see red or green.

Red meant leaving here and standing in the sun until another bus arrived, if there was even

one coming. It meant scratching through want ads for jobs that didn’t pay enough to survive,

70 and apartment listings for places that were either out of his price range or so decrepit as to

be unlivable. It meant finding himself back in that rotten pool of frustration and emotion

where he’d been treading for months, his nose barely above the waterline.

It almost seemed preferable to working for Cloud.

Annotation:

15 CEO (Chief Executive Officer) – the person with the highest rank in a company

1. Outline how the application process is depicted in the extract and how the protagonist responds to it. (Comprehension) [12 Punkte]

Klausurteil A

Rob Hart

The Warehouse

The novel takes place in the United States in the not-too-distant future. The protagonist, Paxton, has just reached one of the recruitment centres of Cloud, a huge online retailer, which is housed in a former theatre. Two years earlier he had left his job as a prison guard and founded a small business of his own, but he was forced to shut it down because of Cloud’s aggressive market strategies. He is now about to start a computer-based application process.

The screen flared to life, large numbers at the center of the display.

Ten.

Then nine.

Then eight.

5 When it hit zero, the tablet buzzed and flashed, and the numbers were replaced by a series

of empty fields. Paxton balanced it on his lap and focused.

Name, contact information, brief work history. Shirt size?

Paxton’s hand hovered over Work History. He didn’t want to explain what he had done before

this, and the confluence of events that had brought him to a broken theater in a broken town.

10 Because to do that meant having to explain that Cloud had destroyed his life.

Anyway, what would he write?

Would they even know who he was?

If they didn’t, was that better or worse?

Paxton found he did, in fact, have more room for sadness, at the thought of applying for this

15 job with CEO in the work history field.

His stomach knotted and he settled on the prison. Fifteen years. A long enough time to

demonstrate loyalty. That’s what he would call it, if he were asked: loyalty. If someone wanted

to know about the gap, those two years between the prison and now, he’d deal with it.

After he filled in all the fields, the next screen appeared.

20 Have you ever stolen anything?

Underneath were two buttons. Green Yes and red No.

He rubbed his eyes, the brightness of the screen making them ache. […]

Paxton tried to give each question serious consideration, even if he wasn’t sure what it all

meant, though he figured there was some kind of algorithm – something that would reveal

25 to them the core of his personality through his opinion on astronomy.

He answered questions until he lost count. Then the screen went blank, and it stayed blank

long enough that he wondered if he had done something wrong. He looked around for help

but, finding none, looked back to the screen, where there was more text.

Thank you for your answers. Now we ask for a brief

30 statement. When you see the timer appear in the lower

left-hand corner, the recording will start, and you’ll have

one minute to explain why you want to work at Cloud.

Please note, you don’t need to speak for the entire

minute. A clear, simple, and direct explanation will

35 suffice. When you feel that you are finished, you may hit

the red dot at the bottom of the screen to end the

recording. You will not have the opportunity to rerecord.

Paxton’s face appeared reflected back to him, distorted by the tilt of the screen, his skin

washed to a sickly gray by the glow. A timer appeared in the bottom left-hand corner.

40 1:00

Then:

:59

“I didn’t realize I would have to give a speech,” Paxton said, giving his best this-is-a-joke

smile, which looked sharper than he intended. “I guess I would say that, uh, you know, it’s

45 tough to get a job in this day and age, and between that and looking for a new place to live I

figure it’s kinda perfect, right?”

:43

“I mean, I really do want to work here. I think, uh, it’s an incredible opportunity to learn

and grow. Like the commercial says, ‘Cloud is the solution to every need.’” He shook his

50 head. “I’m sorry, I’m not great at talking off the cuff.”

:22

Deep breath.

“But I’m a hard worker. I take pride in my work and I promise to give this my all.”

:09

55 Paxton pressed the red button and his face disappeared. The screen flashed to white. He

cursed himself for stumbling through that. Had he known this would be part of the

application he would have practiced.

Thank you. Please wait while the interview results are

tabulated. At the end of the process your screen will turn

60 either green or red. If red, we are sorry, either you

failed the drug test, or you did not meet the standards

expected at Cloud. You may exit the building and you must

wait one month before reapplying. If green, then please

stay and await further instructions.

65 The tablet turned black. Paxton raised his head and looked around, to see everyone else

raising their heads […].

Paxton balanced the tablet on his knees, not sure whether he wanted to see red or green.

Red meant leaving here and standing in the sun until another bus arrived, if there was even

one coming. It meant scratching through want ads for jobs that didn’t pay enough to survive,

70 and apartment listings for places that were either out of his price range or so decrepit as to

be unlivable. It meant finding himself back in that rotten pool of frustration and emotion

where he’d been treading for months, his nose barely above the waterline.

It almost seemed preferable to working for Cloud.

Annotation:

15 CEO (Chief Executive Officer) – the person with the highest rank in a company

2. Analyse the way in which Paxton's state of mind is portrayed, concentrating on the narrative technique and the language used. (Analysis) [16 Punkte]

Klausurteil A

Rob Hart

The Warehouse

The novel takes place in the United States in the not-too-distant future. The protagonist, Paxton, has just reached one of the recruitment centres of Cloud, a huge online retailer, which is housed in a former theatre. Two years earlier he had left his job as a prison guard and founded a small business of his own, but he was forced to shut it down because of Cloud’s aggressive market strategies. He is now about to start a computer-based application process.

The screen flared to life, large numbers at the center of the display.

Ten.

Then nine.

Then eight.

5 When it hit zero, the tablet buzzed and flashed, and the numbers were replaced by a series

of empty fields. Paxton balanced it on his lap and focused.

Name, contact information, brief work history. Shirt size?

Paxton’s hand hovered over Work History. He didn’t want to explain what he had done before

this, and the confluence of events that had brought him to a broken theater in a broken town.

10 Because to do that meant having to explain that Cloud had destroyed his life.

Anyway, what would he write?

Would they even know who he was?

If they didn’t, was that better or worse?

Paxton found he did, in fact, have more room for sadness, at the thought of applying for this

15 job with CEO in the work history field.

His stomach knotted and he settled on the prison. Fifteen years. A long enough time to

demonstrate loyalty. That’s what he would call it, if he were asked: loyalty. If someone wanted

to know about the gap, those two years between the prison and now, he’d deal with it.

After he filled in all the fields, the next screen appeared.

20 Have you ever stolen anything?

Underneath were two buttons. Green Yes and red No.

He rubbed his eyes, the brightness of the screen making them ache. […]

Paxton tried to give each question serious consideration, even if he wasn’t sure what it all

meant, though he figured there was some kind of algorithm – something that would reveal

25 to them the core of his personality through his opinion on astronomy.

He answered questions until he lost count. Then the screen went blank, and it stayed blank

long enough that he wondered if he had done something wrong. He looked around for help

but, finding none, looked back to the screen, where there was more text.

Thank you for your answers. Now we ask for a brief

30 statement. When you see the timer appear in the lower

left-hand corner, the recording will start, and you’ll have

one minute to explain why you want to work at Cloud.

Please note, you don’t need to speak for the entire

minute. A clear, simple, and direct explanation will

35 suffice. When you feel that you are finished, you may hit

the red dot at the bottom of the screen to end the

recording. You will not have the opportunity to rerecord.

Paxton’s face appeared reflected back to him, distorted by the tilt of the screen, his skin

washed to a sickly gray by the glow. A timer appeared in the bottom left-hand corner.

40 1:00

Then:

:59

“I didn’t realize I would have to give a speech,” Paxton said, giving his best this-is-a-joke

smile, which looked sharper than he intended. “I guess I would say that, uh, you know, it’s

45 tough to get a job in this day and age, and between that and looking for a new place to live I

figure it’s kinda perfect, right?”

:43

“I mean, I really do want to work here. I think, uh, it’s an incredible opportunity to learn

and grow. Like the commercial says, ‘Cloud is the solution to every need.’” He shook his

50 head. “I’m sorry, I’m not great at talking off the cuff.”

:22

Deep breath.

“But I’m a hard worker. I take pride in my work and I promise to give this my all.”

:09

55 Paxton pressed the red button and his face disappeared. The screen flashed to white. He

cursed himself for stumbling through that. Had he known this would be part of the

application he would have practiced.

Thank you. Please wait while the interview results are

tabulated. At the end of the process your screen will turn

60 either green or red. If red, we are sorry, either you

failed the drug test, or you did not meet the standards

expected at Cloud. You may exit the building and you must

wait one month before reapplying. If green, then please

stay and await further instructions.

65 The tablet turned black. Paxton raised his head and looked around, to see everyone else

raising their heads […].

Paxton balanced the tablet on his knees, not sure whether he wanted to see red or green.

Red meant leaving here and standing in the sun until another bus arrived, if there was even

one coming. It meant scratching through want ads for jobs that didn’t pay enough to survive,

70 and apartment listings for places that were either out of his price range or so decrepit as to

be unlivable. It meant finding himself back in that rotten pool of frustration and emotion

where he’d been treading for months, his nose barely above the waterline.

It almost seemed preferable to working for Cloud.

Annotation:

15 CEO (Chief Executive Officer) – the person with the highest rank in a company

3.1 The novel opens with a quotation from US President Benjamin Harrison, who stated in 1891: “I pity the man who wants a coat so cheap that the man or woman who produces the cloth or shapes it into a garment will starve in the process”. Assess how relevant this statement is to the globalised world of today. (Evaluation: comment) [14 Punkte]

Klausurteil A

Rob Hart

The Warehouse

The novel takes place in the United States in the not-too-distant future. The protagonist, Paxton, has just reached one of the recruitment centres of Cloud, a huge online retailer, which is housed in a former theatre. Two years earlier he had left his job as a prison guard and founded a small business of his own, but he was forced to shut it down because of Cloud’s aggressive market strategies. He is now about to start a computer-based application process.

The screen flared to life, large numbers at the center of the display.

Ten.

Then nine.

Then eight.

5 When it hit zero, the tablet buzzed and flashed, and the numbers were replaced by a series

of empty fields. Paxton balanced it on his lap and focused.

Name, contact information, brief work history. Shirt size?

Paxton’s hand hovered over Work History. He didn’t want to explain what he had done before

this, and the confluence of events that had brought him to a broken theater in a broken town.

10 Because to do that meant having to explain that Cloud had destroyed his life.

Anyway, what would he write?

Would they even know who he was?

If they didn’t, was that better or worse?

Paxton found he did, in fact, have more room for sadness, at the thought of applying for this

15 job with CEO in the work history field.

His stomach knotted and he settled on the prison. Fifteen years. A long enough time to

demonstrate loyalty. That’s what he would call it, if he were asked: loyalty. If someone wanted

to know about the gap, those two years between the prison and now, he’d deal with it.

After he filled in all the fields, the next screen appeared.

20 Have you ever stolen anything?

Underneath were two buttons. Green Yes and red No.

He rubbed his eyes, the brightness of the screen making them ache. […]

Paxton tried to give each question serious consideration, even if he wasn’t sure what it all

meant, though he figured there was some kind of algorithm – something that would reveal

25 to them the core of his personality through his opinion on astronomy.

He answered questions until he lost count. Then the screen went blank, and it stayed blank

long enough that he wondered if he had done something wrong. He looked around for help

but, finding none, looked back to the screen, where there was more text.

Thank you for your answers. Now we ask for a brief

30 statement. When you see the timer appear in the lower

left-hand corner, the recording will start, and you’ll have

one minute to explain why you want to work at Cloud.

Please note, you don’t need to speak for the entire

minute. A clear, simple, and direct explanation will

35 suffice. When you feel that you are finished, you may hit

the red dot at the bottom of the screen to end the

recording. You will not have the opportunity to rerecord.

Paxton’s face appeared reflected back to him, distorted by the tilt of the screen, his skin

washed to a sickly gray by the glow. A timer appeared in the bottom left-hand corner.

40 1:00

Then:

:59

“I didn’t realize I would have to give a speech,” Paxton said, giving his best this-is-a-joke

smile, which looked sharper than he intended. “I guess I would say that, uh, you know, it’s

45 tough to get a job in this day and age, and between that and looking for a new place to live I

figure it’s kinda perfect, right?”

:43

“I mean, I really do want to work here. I think, uh, it’s an incredible opportunity to learn

and grow. Like the commercial says, ‘Cloud is the solution to every need.’” He shook his

50 head. “I’m sorry, I’m not great at talking off the cuff.”

:22

Deep breath.

“But I’m a hard worker. I take pride in my work and I promise to give this my all.”

:09

55 Paxton pressed the red button and his face disappeared. The screen flashed to white. He

cursed himself for stumbling through that. Had he known this would be part of the

application he would have practiced.

Thank you. Please wait while the interview results are

tabulated. At the end of the process your screen will turn

60 either green or red. If red, we are sorry, either you

failed the drug test, or you did not meet the standards

expected at Cloud. You may exit the building and you must

wait one month before reapplying. If green, then please

stay and await further instructions.

65 The tablet turned black. Paxton raised his head and looked around, to see everyone else

raising their heads […].

Paxton balanced the tablet on his knees, not sure whether he wanted to see red or green.

Red meant leaving here and standing in the sun until another bus arrived, if there was even

one coming. It meant scratching through want ads for jobs that didn’t pay enough to survive,

70 and apartment listings for places that were either out of his price range or so decrepit as to

be unlivable. It meant finding himself back in that rotten pool of frustration and emotion

where he’d been treading for months, his nose barely above the waterline.

It almost seemed preferable to working for Cloud.

Annotation:

15 CEO (Chief Executive Officer) – the person with the highest rank in a company

3.2 As soon as Paxton's screen turns green, he takes the job and, along with the other new hires, watches an introductory video. In it, the following is said: “Here at Cloud, we believe in offering a safe, secure work environment where you can be the master of your own destiny. [...] At Cloud, we evaluate your skill set, and we place you in the position that's best suited for both of us.” Write an interior monologue in which you express Paxton's thoughts and feelings at this moment, drawing on what you know about him. (Evaluation: re-creation of text) [14 Punkte]

Klausurteil B: Sprachmittlung isoliert

You are a participant in an international online project entitled Algorithms in the World of Work. Every participant is expected to present a perspective from his/her own country. You have decided to focus on computer-based job applications in Germany.

Using Lisa-Marie Eckhardt's text as your basis, write an online article that explains what part computer-based application procedures play in Germany, as well as which hopes and which problems are linked to algorithms taking decisions in the application process. (18 Punkte)

Klausurteil A

Rob Hart

The Warehouse

The novel takes place in the United States in the not-too-distant future. The protagonist, Paxton, has just reached one of the recruitment centres of Cloud, a huge online retailer, which is housed in a former theatre. Two years earlier he had left his job as a prison guard and founded a small business of his own, but he was forced to shut it down because of Cloud’s aggressive market strategies. He is now about to start a computer-based application process.

The screen flared to life, large numbers at the center of the display.

Ten.

Then nine.

Then eight.

5 When it hit zero, the tablet buzzed and flashed, and the numbers were replaced by a series

of empty fields. Paxton balanced it on his lap and focused.

Name, contact information, brief work history. Shirt size?

Paxton’s hand hovered over Work History. He didn’t want to explain what he had done before

this, and the confluence of events that had brought him to a broken theater in a broken town.

10 Because to do that meant having to explain that Cloud had destroyed his life.

Anyway, what would he write?

Would they even know who he was?

If they didn’t, was that better or worse?

Paxton found he did, in fact, have more room for sadness, at the thought of applying for this

15 job with CEO in the work history field.

His stomach knotted and he settled on the prison. Fifteen years. A long enough time to

demonstrate loyalty. That’s what he would call it, if he were asked: loyalty. If someone wanted

to know about the gap, those two years between the prison and now, he’d deal with it.

After he filled in all the fields, the next screen appeared.

20 Have you ever stolen anything?

Underneath were two buttons. Green Yes and red No.

He rubbed his eyes, the brightness of the screen making them ache. […]

Paxton tried to give each question serious consideration, even if he wasn’t sure what it all

meant, though he figured there was some kind of algorithm – something that would reveal

25 to them the core of his personality through his opinion on astronomy.

He answered questions until he lost count. Then the screen went blank, and it stayed blank

long enough that he wondered if he had done something wrong. He looked around for help

but, finding none, looked back to the screen, where there was more text.

Thank you for your answers. Now we ask for a brief

30 statement. When you see the timer appear in the lower

left-hand corner, the recording will start, and you’ll have

one minute to explain why you want to work at Cloud.

Please note, you don’t need to speak for the entire

minute. A clear, simple, and direct explanation will

35 suffice. When you feel that you are finished, you may hit

the red dot at the bottom of the screen to end the

recording. You will not have the opportunity to rerecord.

Paxton’s face appeared reflected back to him, distorted by the tilt of the screen, his skin

washed to a sickly gray by the glow. A timer appeared in the bottom left-hand corner.

40 1:00

Then:

:59

“I didn’t realize I would have to give a speech,” Paxton said, giving his best this-is-a-joke

smile, which looked sharper than he intended. “I guess I would say that, uh, you know, it’s

45 tough to get a job in this day and age, and between that and looking for a new place to live I

figure it’s kinda perfect, right?”

:43

“I mean, I really do want to work here. I think, uh, it’s an incredible opportunity to learn

and grow. Like the commercial says, ‘Cloud is the solution to every need.’” He shook his

50 head. “I’m sorry, I’m not great at talking off the cuff.”

:22

Deep breath.

“But I’m a hard worker. I take pride in my work and I promise to give this my all.”

:09

55 Paxton pressed the red button and his face disappeared. The screen flashed to white. He

cursed himself for stumbling through that. Had he known this would be part of the

application he would have practiced.

Thank you. Please wait while the interview results are

tabulated. At the end of the process your screen will turn

60 either green or red. If red, we are sorry, either you

failed the drug test, or you did not meet the standards

expected at Cloud. You may exit the building and you must

wait one month before reapplying. If green, then please

stay and await further instructions.

65 The tablet turned black. Paxton raised his head and looked around, to see everyone else

raising their heads […].

Paxton balanced the tablet on his knees, not sure whether he wanted to see red or green.

Red meant leaving here and standing in the sun until another bus arrived, if there was even

one coming. It meant scratching through want ads for jobs that didn’t pay enough to survive,

70 and apartment listings for places that were either out of his price range or so decrepit as to

be unlivable. It meant finding himself back in that rotten pool of frustration and emotion

where he’d been treading for months, his nose barely above the waterline.

It almost seemed preferable to working for Cloud.

Annotation:

15 CEO (Chief Executive Officer) – the person with the highest rank in a company

Klausurteil A

Eniola Anuoluwapo Soyemi

In Nigeria, colonial thinking affects everyone. It is time we found new heroes

At the start of her article, Eniola Anuoluwapo Soyemi recounts meeting a young mother in a hospital in Lagos. As Soyemi congratulates the woman on her triplets, the mother's attention is on the author’s baby boy.

“He is beautiful.” “Thank you,” I agreed naively, not realising where our conversation was

headed. “Look at how ‘light’ he is,” she continued. My heart sank. “His father must be white,”

she persisted. I confirmed my husband was a white man from the United Kingdom. “My

son will get darker and be just as lovely,” uncomfortable, I tried to control the conversation.

5 “Even if he gets darker, he will still be ‘light’ and beautiful,” she effused. The greatest trick

colonialism plays is to convince us it has really left.

My son began to cry. I was thankful. I comforted him in the language I speak to my children,

leaving English to everyone else. “Pẹ̀lẹ́ mà bínù, o ti fẹ ya ká má lọ́ ’lé,” I consoled him, and

myself, in Yorùbá. She spoke again, “Don’t talk to this fine boy in Yorùbá, please.” Her

10 words completed my dejection. “You must have a girl,” she went on. “Can you imagine a girl

with this skin, and long hair too?” My spirit had sunk too low to tell her that I, also, had long

hair, that grows thickly up, not down, “smack you back” coily, triple black.

I looked at her triplets, neatly lined up – dark, precious in their fragility, utterly beautiful.

I wondered, would their mother ever let them know, feel it?

15 I was unable to shake my sadness. How did we get like this, believing that we are not the

mark of beauty itself – that our skin, our hair, our languages are “ugly”?

We joke about “colo mentality” in Nigeria as a problem that affects only “the ignorant masses”,

when, in reality, it is an affliction that excludes no one […].

We are, in Nigeria, beginning to unmask the villains of our present predicament. They are

20 not just the colonials – every one of them – but those, also, among our historical elite who

aided and abetted colonialism. Some, like the slave trader Madam Tinubu, we have unsoundly

memorialised, though by their wickedness we should have known they were not heroes.

And our heroes?

I have thought of praiseworthy champions who, operating under the oppressive height of

25 empire, must surely also have been victims of colonial brainwashing. I have thought of Samuel

Ajayi Crowther, widely celebrated as Nigeria’s first Anglican bishop. Of JJ Ransome-Kuti

who, despite writing the Ẹgbà national anthem, also helped further Christianity’s entrance

into Yorùbá culture by the Christian hymns he set to Yorùbá music. The consequences to

Yorùbá religion and culture have been incalculable.

30 I have thought of my schooldays, of Ijeoma and Doreen, lighter-skinned girls allowed to

wear their straight hair out, while the rest of us were caned if our hair was not “neat”, by

which was meant tidied away into cornrows. Whatever terror unbound African hair had

struck in the hearts of colonial men and women, by the time of my youth, it had surely been

transferred to local school administrations. […]

35 It is not enough to reveal the lies and tear down the statues, though this we must. We have,

also, to build things in their places. The political thought of the anti-apartheid activist and

thinker Steve Biko contains an instructive conception of freedom that requires, first, the

elevation of Black Consciousness, of Black cultures and communities, out of the false

baseness they have been pushed into. Second, the thorough understanding that white people

40 are just, well, people. That the space that they have collectively attempted to occupy in the

last few hundred years is not simply one of superiority, but an attempt at being more than

human. And to have done so by maintaining others in sub-human state. For everyone to be

brought back to being simply, fully, but not more than, a human being, white people will

need to give up instrumental power, and more – a mental, religious, understanding of

45 themselves as God-like.

If Black Consciousness, the emancipation of the Black mind, and the recovery of the true

freedom of all human beings starts with correcting the obvious violences of colonisation, it

is not completed until we have questioned every communal understanding we take for

granted. Our real heroes cannot be left unscathed. It is daunting. We will be tired. But free.

50 So, I pray that my children will grow up in a world where the values we teach them are

mirrored outside – that, in every fundamental aspect, all people are equal. When they

inevitably find that the world is different, may their hearts not be broken. I pray they will

never be taken in by false praise and will stand, unyielding, in the glory of their Black

Africanness. That, regardless of how they are treated by either of their cultural heritages,

55 they will hold fast to a universal belief in goodness, fortitude and love.

Annotations:

12 “smack you back” coily – very voluminous, tight curly hair type

17 colo mentality – internalised feeling of inferiority as a result of colonisation

21 Madam Tinubu – Efunroye Tinubu (c. 1810 – 1887), one of Nigeria’s most influential women in the 19th century remembered for her economic and political achievements despite her role in the slave trade

27 Ẹgbà – subgroup of the Yorùbá in western Nigeria

28 Yorùbá – ethnic group making up about 20 % of Nigeria’s population

32 cornrows – style of hair braiding in which the hair is braided very close to the scalp

37 Steve Biko – (1946 – 1977) prominent figure in the fight against discrimination in South Africa

39 baseness – inferiority

1. Describe what the author experienced in her personal encounter and how she reacted to it.

(Comprehension) [12 Punkte]

Write a clearly organised summary of the meeting between Eniola Anuoluwapo Soyemi and the young mother at the hospital, including the author's feelings and inner responses to their conversation.

Klausurteil A

Eniola Anuoluwapo Soyemi

In Nigeria, colonial thinking affects everyone. It is time we found new heroes

At the start of her article, Eniola Anuoluwapo Soyemi recounts meeting a young mother in a hospital in Lagos. As Soyemi congratulates the woman on her triplets, the mother's attention is on the author’s baby boy.

“He is beautiful.” “Thank you,” I agreed naively, not realising where our conversation was

headed. “Look at how ‘light’ he is,” she continued. My heart sank. “His father must be white,”

she persisted. I confirmed my husband was a white man from the United Kingdom. “My

son will get darker and be just as lovely,” uncomfortable, I tried to control the conversation.

5 “Even if he gets darker, he will still be ‘light’ and beautiful,” she effused. The greatest trick

colonialism plays is to convince us it has really left.

My son began to cry. I was thankful. I comforted him in the language I speak to my children,

leaving English to everyone else. “Pẹ̀lẹ́ mà bínù, o ti fẹ ya ká má lọ́ ’lé,” I consoled him, and

myself, in Yorùbá. She spoke again, “Don’t talk to this fine boy in Yorùbá, please.” Her

10 words completed my dejection. “You must have a girl,” she went on. “Can you imagine a girl

with this skin, and long hair too?” My spirit had sunk too low to tell her that I, also, had long

hair, that grows thickly up, not down, “smack you back” coily, triple black.

I looked at her triplets, neatly lined up – dark, precious in their fragility, utterly beautiful.

I wondered, would their mother ever let them know, feel it?

15 I was unable to shake my sadness. How did we get like this, believing that we are not the

mark of beauty itself – that our skin, our hair, our languages are “ugly”?

We joke about “colo mentality” in Nigeria as a problem that affects only “the ignorant masses”,

when, in reality, it is an affliction that excludes no one […].

We are, in Nigeria, beginning to unmask the villains of our present predicament. They are

20 not just the colonials – every one of them – but those, also, among our historical elite who

aided and abetted colonialism. Some, like the slave trader Madam Tinubu, we have unsoundly

memorialised, though by their wickedness we should have known they were not heroes.

And our heroes?

I have thought of praiseworthy champions who, operating under the oppressive height of

25 empire, must surely also have been victims of colonial brainwashing. I have thought of Samuel

Ajayi Crowther, widely celebrated as Nigeria’s first Anglican bishop. Of JJ Ransome-Kuti

who, despite writing the Ẹgbà national anthem, also helped further Christianity’s entrance

into Yorùbá culture by the Christian hymns he set to Yorùbá music. The consequences to

Yorùbá religion and culture have been incalculable.

30 I have thought of my schooldays, of Ijeoma and Doreen, lighter-skinned girls allowed to

wear their straight hair out, while the rest of us were caned if our hair was not “neat”, by

which was meant tidied away into cornrows. Whatever terror unbound African hair had

struck in the hearts of colonial men and women, by the time of my youth, it had surely been

transferred to local school administrations. […]

35 It is not enough to reveal the lies and tear down the statues, though this we must. We have,

also, to build things in their places. The political thought of the anti-apartheid activist and

thinker Steve Biko contains an instructive conception of freedom that requires, first, the

elevation of Black Consciousness, of Black cultures and communities, out of the false

baseness they have been pushed into. Second, the thorough understanding that white people

40 are just, well, people. That the space that they have collectively attempted to occupy in the

last few hundred years is not simply one of superiority, but an attempt at being more than

human. And to have done so by maintaining others in sub-human state. For everyone to be

brought back to being simply, fully, but not more than, a human being, white people will

need to give up instrumental power, and more – a mental, religious, understanding of

45 themselves as God-like.

If Black Consciousness, the emancipation of the Black mind, and the recovery of the true

freedom of all human beings starts with correcting the obvious violences of colonisation, it

is not completed until we have questioned every communal understanding we take for

granted. Our real heroes cannot be left unscathed. It is daunting. We will be tired. But free.

50 So, I pray that my children will grow up in a world where the values we teach them are

mirrored outside – that, in every fundamental aspect, all people are equal. When they

inevitably find that the world is different, may their hearts not be broken. I pray they will

never be taken in by false praise and will stand, unyielding, in the glory of their Black

Africanness. That, regardless of how they are treated by either of their cultural heritages,

55 they will hold fast to a universal belief in goodness, fortitude and love.

Annotations:

12 “smack you back” coily – very voluminous, tight curly hair type

17 colo mentality – internalised feeling of inferiority as a result of colonisation

21 Madam Tinubu – Efunroye Tinubu (c. 1810 – 1887), one of Nigeria’s most influential women in the 19th century remembered for her economic and political achievements despite her role in the slave trade

27 Ẹgbà – subgroup of the Yorùbá in western Nigeria

28 Yorùbá – ethnic group making up about 20 % of Nigeria’s population

32 cornrows – style of hair braiding in which the hair is braided very close to the scalp

37 Steve Biko – (1946 – 1977) prominent figure in the fight against discrimination in South Africa

39 baseness – inferiority

2. Analyse in what way Eniola Anuoluwapo Soyemi conveys the conclusions she draws from the encounter with regard to Nigerian society. Concentrate on communicative strategies and the use of language.

(Analysis) [16 Punkte]

Examine the way in which the author builds up her central message against internalized colonial thinking, and analyze her rhetorical choices, communicative strategies and stylistic devices.

Klausurteil A

Eniola Anuoluwapo Soyemi

In Nigeria, colonial thinking affects everyone. It is time we found new heroes

At the start of her article, Eniola Anuoluwapo Soyemi recounts meeting a young mother in a hospital in Lagos. As Soyemi congratulates the woman on her triplets, the mother's attention is on the author’s baby boy.

“He is beautiful.” “Thank you,” I agreed naively, not realising where our conversation was

headed. “Look at how ‘light’ he is,” she continued. My heart sank. “His father must be white,”

she persisted. I confirmed my husband was a white man from the United Kingdom. “My

son will get darker and be just as lovely,” uncomfortable, I tried to control the conversation.

5 “Even if he gets darker, he will still be ‘light’ and beautiful,” she effused. The greatest trick

colonialism plays is to convince us it has really left.

My son began to cry. I was thankful. I comforted him in the language I speak to my children,

leaving English to everyone else. “Pẹ̀lẹ́ mà bínù, o ti fẹ ya ká má lọ́ ’lé,” I consoled him, and

myself, in Yorùbá. She spoke again, “Don’t talk to this fine boy in Yorùbá, please.” Her

10 words completed my dejection. “You must have a girl,” she went on. “Can you imagine a girl

with this skin, and long hair too?” My spirit had sunk too low to tell her that I, also, had long

hair, that grows thickly up, not down, “smack you back” coily, triple black.

I looked at her triplets, neatly lined up – dark, precious in their fragility, utterly beautiful.

I wondered, would their mother ever let them know, feel it?

15 I was unable to shake my sadness. How did we get like this, believing that we are not the

mark of beauty itself – that our skin, our hair, our languages are “ugly”?

We joke about “colo mentality” in Nigeria as a problem that affects only “the ignorant masses”,

when, in reality, it is an affliction that excludes no one […].

We are, in Nigeria, beginning to unmask the villains of our present predicament. They are

20 not just the colonials – every one of them – but those, also, among our historical elite who

aided and abetted colonialism. Some, like the slave trader Madam Tinubu, we have unsoundly

memorialised, though by their wickedness we should have known they were not heroes.

And our heroes?

I have thought of praiseworthy champions who, operating under the oppressive height of

25 empire, must surely also have been victims of colonial brainwashing. I have thought of Samuel

Ajayi Crowther, widely celebrated as Nigeria’s first Anglican bishop. Of JJ Ransome-Kuti

who, despite writing the Ẹgbà national anthem, also helped further Christianity’s entrance

into Yorùbá culture by the Christian hymns he set to Yorùbá music. The consequences to

Yorùbá religion and culture have been incalculable.

30 I have thought of my schooldays, of Ijeoma and Doreen, lighter-skinned girls allowed to

wear their straight hair out, while the rest of us were caned if our hair was not “neat”, by

which was meant tidied away into cornrows. Whatever terror unbound African hair had

struck in the hearts of colonial men and women, by the time of my youth, it had surely been

transferred to local school administrations. […]

35 It is not enough to reveal the lies and tear down the statues, though this we must. We have,

also, to build things in their places. The political thought of the anti-apartheid activist and

thinker Steve Biko contains an instructive conception of freedom that requires, first, the

elevation of Black Consciousness, of Black cultures and communities, out of the false

baseness they have been pushed into. Second, the thorough understanding that white people

40 are just, well, people. That the space that they have collectively attempted to occupy in the

last few hundred years is not simply one of superiority, but an attempt at being more than

human. And to have done so by maintaining others in sub-human state. For everyone to be

brought back to being simply, fully, but not more than, a human being, white people will

need to give up instrumental power, and more – a mental, religious, understanding of

45 themselves as God-like.

If Black Consciousness, the emancipation of the Black mind, and the recovery of the true

freedom of all human beings starts with correcting the obvious violences of colonisation, it

is not completed until we have questioned every communal understanding we take for

granted. Our real heroes cannot be left unscathed. It is daunting. We will be tired. But free.

50 So, I pray that my children will grow up in a world where the values we teach them are

mirrored outside – that, in every fundamental aspect, all people are equal. When they

inevitably find that the world is different, may their hearts not be broken. I pray they will

never be taken in by false praise and will stand, unyielding, in the glory of their Black

Africanness. That, regardless of how they are treated by either of their cultural heritages,

55 they will hold fast to a universal belief in goodness, fortitude and love.

Annotations:

12 “smack you back” coily – very voluminous, tight curly hair type

17 colo mentality – internalised feeling of inferiority as a result of colonisation

21 Madam Tinubu – Efunroye Tinubu (c. 1810 – 1887), one of Nigeria’s most influential women in the 19th century remembered for her economic and political achievements despite her role in the slave trade

27 Ẹgbà – subgroup of the Yorùbá in western Nigeria

28 Yorùbá – ethnic group making up about 20 % of Nigeria’s population

32 cornrows – style of hair braiding in which the hair is braided very close to the scalp

37 Steve Biko – (1946 – 1977) prominent figure in the fight against discrimination in South Africa

39 baseness – inferiority

3. Choose one of the following tasks:

3.1 A 2015 article quotes Muhammadu Buhari, who later became president, as follows:

"Change won't happen immediately, as Nigeria's problems didn't start overnight."

(https://www.bellanaija.com/2015/02/buhari-to-mo-abudu-change-wont-happen-immediately-as-nigerias-problems-didnt-start-overnight/)

Comment on this statement in view of the challenges and achievements Nigeria faces today. Draw on the text and on what you have covered in class on Nigeria.

(Evaluation: comment) [14 Punkte]

Klausurteil A

Eniola Anuoluwapo Soyemi

In Nigeria, colonial thinking affects everyone. It is time we found new heroes

At the start of her article, Eniola Anuoluwapo Soyemi recounts meeting a young mother in a hospital in Lagos. As Soyemi congratulates the woman on her triplets, the mother's attention is on the author’s baby boy.

“He is beautiful.” “Thank you,” I agreed naively, not realising where our conversation was

headed. “Look at how ‘light’ he is,” she continued. My heart sank. “His father must be white,”

she persisted. I confirmed my husband was a white man from the United Kingdom. “My

son will get darker and be just as lovely,” uncomfortable, I tried to control the conversation.

5 “Even if he gets darker, he will still be ‘light’ and beautiful,” she effused. The greatest trick

colonialism plays is to convince us it has really left.

My son began to cry. I was thankful. I comforted him in the language I speak to my children,

leaving English to everyone else. “Pẹ̀lẹ́ mà bínù, o ti fẹ ya ká má lọ́ ’lé,” I consoled him, and

myself, in Yorùbá. She spoke again, “Don’t talk to this fine boy in Yorùbá, please.” Her

10 words completed my dejection. “You must have a girl,” she went on. “Can you imagine a girl

with this skin, and long hair too?” My spirit had sunk too low to tell her that I, also, had long

hair, that grows thickly up, not down, “smack you back” coily, triple black.

I looked at her triplets, neatly lined up – dark, precious in their fragility, utterly beautiful.

I wondered, would their mother ever let them know, feel it?

15 I was unable to shake my sadness. How did we get like this, believing that we are not the

mark of beauty itself – that our skin, our hair, our languages are “ugly”?

We joke about “colo mentality” in Nigeria as a problem that affects only “the ignorant masses”,

when, in reality, it is an affliction that excludes no one […].

We are, in Nigeria, beginning to unmask the villains of our present predicament. They are

20 not just the colonials – every one of them – but those, also, among our historical elite who

aided and abetted colonialism. Some, like the slave trader Madam Tinubu, we have unsoundly

memorialised, though by their wickedness we should have known they were not heroes.

And our heroes?

I have thought of praiseworthy champions who, operating under the oppressive height of

25 empire, must surely also have been victims of colonial brainwashing. I have thought of Samuel

Ajayi Crowther, widely celebrated as Nigeria’s first Anglican bishop. Of JJ Ransome-Kuti

who, despite writing the Ẹgbà national anthem, also helped further Christianity’s entrance

into Yorùbá culture by the Christian hymns he set to Yorùbá music. The consequences to

Yorùbá religion and culture have been incalculable.

30 I have thought of my schooldays, of Ijeoma and Doreen, lighter-skinned girls allowed to

wear their straight hair out, while the rest of us were caned if our hair was not “neat”, by

which was meant tidied away into cornrows. Whatever terror unbound African hair had

struck in the hearts of colonial men and women, by the time of my youth, it had surely been

transferred to local school administrations. […]

35 It is not enough to reveal the lies and tear down the statues, though this we must. We have,

also, to build things in their places. The political thought of the anti-apartheid activist and

thinker Steve Biko contains an instructive conception of freedom that requires, first, the

elevation of Black Consciousness, of Black cultures and communities, out of the false

baseness they have been pushed into. Second, the thorough understanding that white people

40 are just, well, people. That the space that they have collectively attempted to occupy in the

last few hundred years is not simply one of superiority, but an attempt at being more than

human. And to have done so by maintaining others in sub-human state. For everyone to be

brought back to being simply, fully, but not more than, a human being, white people will

need to give up instrumental power, and more – a mental, religious, understanding of

45 themselves as God-like.

If Black Consciousness, the emancipation of the Black mind, and the recovery of the true

freedom of all human beings starts with correcting the obvious violences of colonisation, it

is not completed until we have questioned every communal understanding we take for

granted. Our real heroes cannot be left unscathed. It is daunting. We will be tired. But free.

50 So, I pray that my children will grow up in a world where the values we teach them are

mirrored outside – that, in every fundamental aspect, all people are equal. When they

inevitably find that the world is different, may their hearts not be broken. I pray they will

never be taken in by false praise and will stand, unyielding, in the glory of their Black

Africanness. That, regardless of how they are treated by either of their cultural heritages,

55 they will hold fast to a universal belief in goodness, fortitude and love.

Annotations:

12 “smack you back” coily – very voluminous, tight curly hair type

17 colo mentality – internalised feeling of inferiority as a result of colonisation

21 Madam Tinubu – Efunroye Tinubu (c. 1810 – 1887), one of Nigeria’s most influential women in the 19th century remembered for her economic and political achievements despite her role in the slave trade

27 Ẹgbà – subgroup of the Yorùbá in western Nigeria

28 Yorùbá – ethnic group making up about 20 % of Nigeria’s population

32 cornrows – style of hair braiding in which the hair is braided very close to the scalp

37 Steve Biko – (1946 – 1977) prominent figure in the fight against discrimination in South Africa

39 baseness – inferiority

3. Choose one of the following tasks:

3.2 You are part of an international school project dealing with the topic Globalisation – a new form of colonisation? Every participant is asked to submit an internet article that discusses this question. Write your article.

(Evaluation: re-creation of text) [14 Punkte]

Organise your text as a lively, well-reasoned internet article for the project website. Look at arguments both for and against likening globalisation to colonisation, and finish with a balanced conclusion.

Klausurteil B: Isolierte Sprachmittlung

A friend of yours from the USA is planning to apply for a job in Germany. She/he has been told that, unlike in the USA, applicants are expected to include personal details. She/he would like to find out whether anonymous applications are really not usual in Germany.

Using the article by Marc Röhlig, write an email to your friend in which you inform her/him about the legal situation in Germany, reasons against anonymous applications as well as alternative approaches.

[18 Punkte]

Klausurteil A

Eniola Anuoluwapo Soyemi

In Nigeria, colonial thinking affects everyone. It is time we found new heroes

At the start of her article, Eniola Anuoluwapo Soyemi recounts meeting a young mother in a hospital in Lagos. As Soyemi congratulates the woman on her triplets, the mother's attention is on the author’s baby boy.

“He is beautiful.” “Thank you,” I agreed naively, not realising where our conversation was

headed. “Look at how ‘light’ he is,” she continued. My heart sank. “His father must be white,”

she persisted. I confirmed my husband was a white man from the United Kingdom. “My

son will get darker and be just as lovely,” uncomfortable, I tried to control the conversation.

5 “Even if he gets darker, he will still be ‘light’ and beautiful,” she effused. The greatest trick

colonialism plays is to convince us it has really left.

My son began to cry. I was thankful. I comforted him in the language I speak to my children,

leaving English to everyone else. “Pẹ̀lẹ́ mà bínù, o ti fẹ ya ká má lọ́ ’lé,” I consoled him, and

myself, in Yorùbá. She spoke again, “Don’t talk to this fine boy in Yorùbá, please.” Her

10 words completed my dejection. “You must have a girl,” she went on. “Can you imagine a girl

with this skin, and long hair too?” My spirit had sunk too low to tell her that I, also, had long

hair, that grows thickly up, not down, “smack you back” coily, triple black.

I looked at her triplets, neatly lined up – dark, precious in their fragility, utterly beautiful.

I wondered, would their mother ever let them know, feel it?

15 I was unable to shake my sadness. How did we get like this, believing that we are not the

mark of beauty itself – that our skin, our hair, our languages are “ugly”?

We joke about “colo mentality” in Nigeria as a problem that affects only “the ignorant masses”,

when, in reality, it is an affliction that excludes no one […].

We are, in Nigeria, beginning to unmask the villains of our present predicament. They are

20 not just the colonials – every one of them – but those, also, among our historical elite who

aided and abetted colonialism. Some, like the slave trader Madam Tinubu, we have unsoundly

memorialised, though by their wickedness we should have known they were not heroes.

And our heroes?

I have thought of praiseworthy champions who, operating under the oppressive height of

25 empire, must surely also have been victims of colonial brainwashing. I have thought of Samuel

Ajayi Crowther, widely celebrated as Nigeria’s first Anglican bishop. Of JJ Ransome-Kuti

who, despite writing the Ẹgbà national anthem, also helped further Christianity’s entrance

into Yorùbá culture by the Christian hymns he set to Yorùbá music. The consequences to

Yorùbá religion and culture have been incalculable.

30 I have thought of my schooldays, of Ijeoma and Doreen, lighter-skinned girls allowed to

wear their straight hair out, while the rest of us were caned if our hair was not “neat”, by

which was meant tidied away into cornrows. Whatever terror unbound African hair had

struck in the hearts of colonial men and women, by the time of my youth, it had surely been

transferred to local school administrations. […]

35 It is not enough to reveal the lies and tear down the statues, though this we must. We have,

also, to build things in their places. The political thought of the anti-apartheid activist and

thinker Steve Biko contains an instructive conception of freedom that requires, first, the

elevation of Black Consciousness, of Black cultures and communities, out of the false

baseness they have been pushed into. Second, the thorough understanding that white people

40 are just, well, people. That the space that they have collectively attempted to occupy in the

last few hundred years is not simply one of superiority, but an attempt at being more than

human. And to have done so by maintaining others in sub-human state. For everyone to be

brought back to being simply, fully, but not more than, a human being, white people will

need to give up instrumental power, and more – a mental, religious, understanding of

45 themselves as God-like.

If Black Consciousness, the emancipation of the Black mind, and the recovery of the true

freedom of all human beings starts with correcting the obvious violences of colonisation, it

is not completed until we have questioned every communal understanding we take for

granted. Our real heroes cannot be left unscathed. It is daunting. We will be tired. But free.

50 So, I pray that my children will grow up in a world where the values we teach them are

mirrored outside – that, in every fundamental aspect, all people are equal. When they

inevitably find that the world is different, may their hearts not be broken. I pray they will

never be taken in by false praise and will stand, unyielding, in the glory of their Black

Africanness. That, regardless of how they are treated by either of their cultural heritages,

55 they will hold fast to a universal belief in goodness, fortitude and love.

Annotations:

12 “smack you back” coily – very voluminous, tight curly hair type

17 colo mentality – internalised feeling of inferiority as a result of colonisation

21 Madam Tinubu – Efunroye Tinubu (c. 1810 – 1887), one of Nigeria’s most influential women in the 19th century remembered for her economic and political achievements despite her role in the slave trade

27 Ẹgbà – subgroup of the Yorùbá in western Nigeria

28 Yorùbá – ethnic group making up about 20 % of Nigeria’s population

32 cornrows – style of hair braiding in which the hair is braided very close to the scalp

37 Steve Biko – (1946 – 1977) prominent figure in the fight against discrimination in South Africa

39 baseness – inferiority

Klausurteil A

Michael Eboda

Lewis Hamilton: ‘Watching George Floyd brought up so much suppressed emotion’

Lewis Hamilton, a British Formula One driver, claimed his seventh world championship title in 2020.

At the end of 2019, Lewis Hamilton had a realisation about Formula One. “I was looking at

pictures of all the teams – they do these team photos in front of the garage or on the track –

and they’ve posted all these pictures and I’m like, there are no people of colour in any of

these teams.”

5 Hamilton says he had always thought that his presence and his incredible success would

“spark change”. Somewhat naively, he now acknowledges he thought his career as the world’s

most successful racing driver – along with the presence of his dad, Anthony, and his racing

driver brother, Nicolas – would be enough to “open up doorways” for others. The realisation

that after all these years it wasn’t happening led him to rethink.

10 And as he was working things out, the world was slapped in the face by an example of sickening

racial hatred. On 25 May, the 46-year-old African American father-of-five George Floyd was

killed by Derek Chauvin, a white Minneapolis cop, who, as he was making an arrest, kneeled

on Floyd’s neck and choked the life out of him.

The 35-year-old remains traumatised by what he saw on the viral video of Floyd’s death that

15 circulated soon afterwards. You can hear it in his voice: “Watching George for that eight

minutes and 30 seconds, as for so many people, brought up so much emotion that I didn’t

even realise that I had clogged up and suppressed over that time.”

It also crystallised in his mind what he needed to do.

“Competing and winning championships is a great thing, but what does it really mean? It

20 doesn’t mean anything unless you can help push for change. I cannot keep silent during this

time. I decided that I have to use this platform. There are so many people out there who are

struggling and so many who have experienced what I have experienced, and worse,” he says,

in reference to the racism he was forced to endure both as a youngster and since he has been

a professional driver.

25 Hamilton is Formula One’s most successful driver […].

He has also just been voted No 1 in this year’s Powerlist, which showcases the country’s

most influential people of African, African Caribbean or African American heritage and is

sent to institutions such as schools and colleges so that children, especially black children,

can see what can be achieved with dedication and perseverance. Hamilton is the first sports

30 star to take top billing in the list’s 14-year history. He says the award is a “monumental

moment”. “Growing up in Stevenage, there’s quite a small black community there … to be

acknowledged within the black community … I’m just so proud.” The seven-strong panel

unanimously voted him No 1, not only for his amazing sporting career, but because of his

commitment to change.

35 His stance is symbolic of the way some of today’s black sports stars are using their celebrity

[…].

“It’s not enough to be not racist,” Hamilton says. “You have to be anti-racist. You have to

be against racism and supporting these movements.” The similarities with other stars such

as Raheem Sterling and LeBron James are obvious: like Hamilton, both are at the very top

40 of their game but are more than willing to speak out, whatever the risks.

But what distinguishes Hamilton is that in Sterling and James’s sports they do not stand alone.

There are a large number of high-profile competitors who support them – both black and

white. It is a point that has not been lost on Hamilton: “Look at the NBA, who have been

amazing. I was so, so surprised and impressed with what people have been doing … what

45 the football organisations have done.” Yet he himself hasn’t enjoyed the luxury of such

company.

Formula One racing began in 1950. In the intervening years some 750 young men have

taken to the track. Hamilton is still the only one of African Caribbean heritage.

Since Hamilton made the decision to start using his platform for more than showering the

50 second- and third-placed drivers with champagne, he has been a whirlwind. He has encouraged

competitors to back him by taking a knee before each race; convinced his team, Mercedes, to

change its cars’ livery from silver to black; and set up a commission to make the sport more

diverse at all levels of employment – all the while showcasing the Black Lives Matter cause

with a T-shirt and matching BLM facemask.

55 Speaking out on anything considered controversial when you are a figure of Hamilton’s

standing is not easy, he admits. “I’m in a white-dominated sport and, as you know, you have

to be very, very careful with how you approach it, what you say, because people will turn

your words against you most of the time.”

Annotations:

39 · Raheem Sterling – Jamaican-born British professional footballer

39 · LeBron James – African American professional basketball player

43 · NBA (National Basketball Association) – US-American men’s professional basketball league

43 – 45 · “Look at the NBA, … what the football organisations have done” – both in the USA and in Great Britain, professional sports leagues have openly shown solidarity with the Black Lives Matter movement

51 · to take a knee – to go down on one knee as a symbolic gesture against racial injustice

52 · “change its cars’ livery from silver to black” – since 1954, Mercedes’ Formula One racing cars have always had a silver livery, which gained the team the nickname ‘The Silver Arrows’; in 2020, they changed the colour to black as a statement against racism

Klausurteil A: Leseverstehen und Schreiben integriert

1. Outline the information the text gives about the intentions and motives of Lewis Hamilton. (Comprehension) [12 Punkte]

Klausurteil A

Michael Eboda

Lewis Hamilton: ‘Watching George Floyd brought up so much suppressed emotion’

Lewis Hamilton, a British Formula One driver, claimed his seventh world championship title in 2020.

At the end of 2019, Lewis Hamilton had a realisation about Formula One. “I was looking at

pictures of all the teams – they do these team photos in front of the garage or on the track –

and they’ve posted all these pictures and I’m like, there are no people of colour in any of

these teams.”

5 Hamilton says he had always thought that his presence and his incredible success would

“spark change”. Somewhat naively, he now acknowledges he thought his career as the world’s

most successful racing driver – along with the presence of his dad, Anthony, and his racing

driver brother, Nicolas – would be enough to “open up doorways” for others. The realisation

that after all these years it wasn’t happening led him to rethink.

10 And as he was working things out, the world was slapped in the face by an example of sickening

racial hatred. On 25 May, the 46-year-old African American father-of-five George Floyd was

killed by Derek Chauvin, a white Minneapolis cop, who, as he was making an arrest, kneeled

on Floyd’s neck and choked the life out of him.

The 35-year-old remains traumatised by what he saw on the viral video of Floyd’s death that

15 circulated soon afterwards. You can hear it in his voice: “Watching George for that eight

minutes and 30 seconds, as for so many people, brought up so much emotion that I didn’t

even realise that I had clogged up and suppressed over that time.”

It also crystallised in his mind what he needed to do.

“Competing and winning championships is a great thing, but what does it really mean? It

20 doesn’t mean anything unless you can help push for change. I cannot keep silent during this

time. I decided that I have to use this platform. There are so many people out there who are

struggling and so many who have experienced what I have experienced, and worse,” he says,

in reference to the racism he was forced to endure both as a youngster and since he has been

a professional driver.

25 Hamilton is Formula One’s most successful driver […].

He has also just been voted No 1 in this year’s Powerlist, which showcases the country’s

most influential people of African, African Caribbean or African American heritage and is

sent to institutions such as schools and colleges so that children, especially black children,

can see what can be achieved with dedication and perseverance. Hamilton is the first sports

30 star to take top billing in the list’s 14-year history. He says the award is a “monumental

moment”. “Growing up in Stevenage, there’s quite a small black community there … to be

acknowledged within the black community … I’m just so proud.” The seven-strong panel

unanimously voted him No 1, not only for his amazing sporting career, but because of his

commitment to change.

35 His stance is symbolic of the way some of today’s black sports stars are using their celebrity

[…].

“It’s not enough to be not racist,” Hamilton says. “You have to be anti-racist. You have to

be against racism and supporting these movements.” The similarities with other stars such

as Raheem Sterling and LeBron James are obvious: like Hamilton, both are at the very top

40 of their game but are more than willing to speak out, whatever the risks.

But what distinguishes Hamilton is that in Sterling and James’s sports they do not stand alone.

There are a large number of high-profile competitors who support them – both black and

white. It is a point that has not been lost on Hamilton: “Look at the NBA, who have been

amazing. I was so, so surprised and impressed with what people have been doing … what

45 the football organisations have done.” Yet he himself hasn’t enjoyed the luxury of such

company.

Formula One racing began in 1950. In the intervening years some 750 young men have

taken to the track. Hamilton is still the only one of African Caribbean heritage.

Since Hamilton made the decision to start using his platform for more than showering the

50 second- and third-placed drivers with champagne, he has been a whirlwind. He has encouraged

competitors to back him by taking a knee before each race; convinced his team, Mercedes, to

change its cars’ livery from silver to black; and set up a commission to make the sport more

diverse at all levels of employment – all the while showcasing the Black Lives Matter cause

with a T-shirt and matching BLM facemask.

55 Speaking out on anything considered controversial when you are a figure of Hamilton’s

standing is not easy, he admits. “I’m in a white-dominated sport and, as you know, you have

to be very, very careful with how you approach it, what you say, because people will turn

your words against you most of the time.”

Annotations:

39 · Raheem Sterling – Jamaican-born British professional footballer

39 · LeBron James – African American professional basketball player

43 · NBA (National Basketball Association) – US-American men’s professional basketball league

43 – 45 · “Look at the NBA, … what the football organisations have done” – both in the USA and in Great Britain, professional sports leagues have openly shown solidarity with the Black Lives Matter movement

51 · to take a knee – to go down on one knee as a symbolic gesture against racial injustice

52 · “change its cars’ livery from silver to black” – since 1954, Mercedes’ Formula One racing cars have always had a silver livery, which gained the team the nickname ‘The Silver Arrows’; in 2020, they changed the colour to black as a statement against racism

Klausurteil A: Leseverstehen und Schreiben integriert

2. Analyse the way in which Lewis Hamilton and his dedication are portrayed by the author. Concentrate on the communicative strategies and the language used. (Analysis) [16 Punkte]

Klausurteil A

Michael Eboda

Lewis Hamilton: ‘Watching George Floyd brought up so much suppressed emotion’

Lewis Hamilton, a British Formula One driver, claimed his seventh world championship title in 2020.

At the end of 2019, Lewis Hamilton had a realisation about Formula One. “I was looking at

pictures of all the teams – they do these team photos in front of the garage or on the track –

and they’ve posted all these pictures and I’m like, there are no people of colour in any of

these teams.”

5 Hamilton says he had always thought that his presence and his incredible success would

“spark change”. Somewhat naively, he now acknowledges he thought his career as the world’s

most successful racing driver – along with the presence of his dad, Anthony, and his racing

driver brother, Nicolas – would be enough to “open up doorways” for others. The realisation

that after all these years it wasn’t happening led him to rethink.

10 And as he was working things out, the world was slapped in the face by an example of sickening

racial hatred. On 25 May, the 46-year-old African American father-of-five George Floyd was

killed by Derek Chauvin, a white Minneapolis cop, who, as he was making an arrest, kneeled

on Floyd’s neck and choked the life out of him.

The 35-year-old remains traumatised by what he saw on the viral video of Floyd’s death that

15 circulated soon afterwards. You can hear it in his voice: “Watching George for that eight

minutes and 30 seconds, as for so many people, brought up so much emotion that I didn’t

even realise that I had clogged up and suppressed over that time.”

It also crystallised in his mind what he needed to do.

“Competing and winning championships is a great thing, but what does it really mean? It

20 doesn’t mean anything unless you can help push for change. I cannot keep silent during this

time. I decided that I have to use this platform. There are so many people out there who are

struggling and so many who have experienced what I have experienced, and worse,” he says,

in reference to the racism he was forced to endure both as a youngster and since he has been

a professional driver.

25 Hamilton is Formula One’s most successful driver […].

He has also just been voted No 1 in this year’s Powerlist, which showcases the country’s

most influential people of African, African Caribbean or African American heritage and is

sent to institutions such as schools and colleges so that children, especially black children,

can see what can be achieved with dedication and perseverance. Hamilton is the first sports

30 star to take top billing in the list’s 14-year history. He says the award is a “monumental

moment”. “Growing up in Stevenage, there’s quite a small black community there … to be

acknowledged within the black community … I’m just so proud.” The seven-strong panel

unanimously voted him No 1, not only for his amazing sporting career, but because of his

commitment to change.

35 His stance is symbolic of the way some of today’s black sports stars are using their celebrity

[…].

“It’s not enough to be not racist,” Hamilton says. “You have to be anti-racist. You have to

be against racism and supporting these movements.” The similarities with other stars such

as Raheem Sterling and LeBron James are obvious: like Hamilton, both are at the very top

40 of their game but are more than willing to speak out, whatever the risks.

But what distinguishes Hamilton is that in Sterling and James’s sports they do not stand alone.

There are a large number of high-profile competitors who support them – both black and

white. It is a point that has not been lost on Hamilton: “Look at the NBA, who have been

amazing. I was so, so surprised and impressed with what people have been doing … what

45 the football organisations have done.” Yet he himself hasn’t enjoyed the luxury of such

company.

Formula One racing began in 1950. In the intervening years some 750 young men have

taken to the track. Hamilton is still the only one of African Caribbean heritage.

Since Hamilton made the decision to start using his platform for more than showering the

50 second- and third-placed drivers with champagne, he has been a whirlwind. He has encouraged

competitors to back him by taking a knee before each race; convinced his team, Mercedes, to

change its cars’ livery from silver to black; and set up a commission to make the sport more

diverse at all levels of employment – all the while showcasing the Black Lives Matter cause

with a T-shirt and matching BLM facemask.

55 Speaking out on anything considered controversial when you are a figure of Hamilton’s

standing is not easy, he admits. “I’m in a white-dominated sport and, as you know, you have

to be very, very careful with how you approach it, what you say, because people will turn

your words against you most of the time.”

Annotations:

39 · Raheem Sterling – Jamaican-born British professional footballer

39 · LeBron James – African American professional basketball player

43 · NBA (National Basketball Association) – US-American men’s professional basketball league

43 – 45 · “Look at the NBA, … what the football organisations have done” – both in the USA and in Great Britain, professional sports leagues have openly shown solidarity with the Black Lives Matter movement

51 · to take a knee – to go down on one knee as a symbolic gesture against racial injustice

52 · “change its cars’ livery from silver to black” – since 1954, Mercedes’ Formula One racing cars have always had a silver livery, which gained the team the nickname ‘The Silver Arrows’; in 2020, they changed the colour to black as a statement against racism

Klausurteil A: Leseverstehen und Schreiben integriert

3. Choose one of the following tasks:

3.1 In a 2018 survey, a vast majority of the respondents agreed that "social media makes people believe they’re making a difference when they really aren’t." Discuss this result in view of how far social media can contribute to social or political change and what part celebrities such as Lewis Hamilton can play in this. (Evaluation: comment) [14 Punkte]

Klausurteil A

Michael Eboda

Lewis Hamilton: ‘Watching George Floyd brought up so much suppressed emotion’

Lewis Hamilton, a British Formula One driver, claimed his seventh world championship title in 2020.

At the end of 2019, Lewis Hamilton had a realisation about Formula One. “I was looking at

pictures of all the teams – they do these team photos in front of the garage or on the track –

and they’ve posted all these pictures and I’m like, there are no people of colour in any of

these teams.”

5 Hamilton says he had always thought that his presence and his incredible success would

“spark change”. Somewhat naively, he now acknowledges he thought his career as the world’s

most successful racing driver – along with the presence of his dad, Anthony, and his racing

driver brother, Nicolas – would be enough to “open up doorways” for others. The realisation

that after all these years it wasn’t happening led him to rethink.

10 And as he was working things out, the world was slapped in the face by an example of sickening

racial hatred. On 25 May, the 46-year-old African American father-of-five George Floyd was

killed by Derek Chauvin, a white Minneapolis cop, who, as he was making an arrest, kneeled

on Floyd’s neck and choked the life out of him.

The 35-year-old remains traumatised by what he saw on the viral video of Floyd’s death that

15 circulated soon afterwards. You can hear it in his voice: “Watching George for that eight

minutes and 30 seconds, as for so many people, brought up so much emotion that I didn’t

even realise that I had clogged up and suppressed over that time.”

It also crystallised in his mind what he needed to do.

“Competing and winning championships is a great thing, but what does it really mean? It

20 doesn’t mean anything unless you can help push for change. I cannot keep silent during this

time. I decided that I have to use this platform. There are so many people out there who are

struggling and so many who have experienced what I have experienced, and worse,” he says,

in reference to the racism he was forced to endure both as a youngster and since he has been

a professional driver.

25 Hamilton is Formula One’s most successful driver […].

He has also just been voted No 1 in this year’s Powerlist, which showcases the country’s

most influential people of African, African Caribbean or African American heritage and is

sent to institutions such as schools and colleges so that children, especially black children,

can see what can be achieved with dedication and perseverance. Hamilton is the first sports

30 star to take top billing in the list’s 14-year history. He says the award is a “monumental

moment”. “Growing up in Stevenage, there’s quite a small black community there … to be

acknowledged within the black community … I’m just so proud.” The seven-strong panel

unanimously voted him No 1, not only for his amazing sporting career, but because of his

commitment to change.

35 His stance is symbolic of the way some of today’s black sports stars are using their celebrity

[…].

“It’s not enough to be not racist,” Hamilton says. “You have to be anti-racist. You have to

be against racism and supporting these movements.” The similarities with other stars such

as Raheem Sterling and LeBron James are obvious: like Hamilton, both are at the very top

40 of their game but are more than willing to speak out, whatever the risks.

But what distinguishes Hamilton is that in Sterling and James’s sports they do not stand alone.

There are a large number of high-profile competitors who support them – both black and

white. It is a point that has not been lost on Hamilton: “Look at the NBA, who have been

amazing. I was so, so surprised and impressed with what people have been doing … what

45 the football organisations have done.” Yet he himself hasn’t enjoyed the luxury of such

company.

Formula One racing began in 1950. In the intervening years some 750 young men have

taken to the track. Hamilton is still the only one of African Caribbean heritage.

Since Hamilton made the decision to start using his platform for more than showering the

50 second- and third-placed drivers with champagne, he has been a whirlwind. He has encouraged

competitors to back him by taking a knee before each race; convinced his team, Mercedes, to

change its cars’ livery from silver to black; and set up a commission to make the sport more

diverse at all levels of employment – all the while showcasing the Black Lives Matter cause

with a T-shirt and matching BLM facemask.

55 Speaking out on anything considered controversial when you are a figure of Hamilton’s

standing is not easy, he admits. “I’m in a white-dominated sport and, as you know, you have

to be very, very careful with how you approach it, what you say, because people will turn

your words against you most of the time.”

Annotations:

39 · Raheem Sterling – Jamaican-born British professional footballer

39 · LeBron James – African American professional basketball player

43 · NBA (National Basketball Association) – US-American men’s professional basketball league

43 – 45 · “Look at the NBA, … what the football organisations have done” – both in the USA and in Great Britain, professional sports leagues have openly shown solidarity with the Black Lives Matter movement

51 · to take a knee – to go down on one knee as a symbolic gesture against racial injustice

52 · “change its cars’ livery from silver to black” – since 1954, Mercedes’ Formula One racing cars have always had a silver livery, which gained the team the nickname ‘The Silver Arrows’; in 2020, they changed the colour to black as a statement against racism

Klausurteil A: Leseverstehen und Schreiben integriert

3. Select one of the tasks below:

3.2 Write a letter to the editor in reaction to the article, in which you give your opinion on Hamilton’s commitment as well as on current developments and challenges in Britain’s multicultural society. (Evaluation: re-creation of text) [14 Punkte]

Klausurteil A

Michael Eboda

Lewis Hamilton: ‘Watching George Floyd brought up so much suppressed emotion’

Lewis Hamilton, a British Formula One driver, claimed his seventh world championship title in 2020.

At the end of 2019, Lewis Hamilton had a realisation about Formula One. “I was looking at

pictures of all the teams – they do these team photos in front of the garage or on the track –

and they’ve posted all these pictures and I’m like, there are no people of colour in any of

these teams.”

5 Hamilton says he had always thought that his presence and his incredible success would

“spark change”. Somewhat naively, he now acknowledges he thought his career as the world’s

most successful racing driver – along with the presence of his dad, Anthony, and his racing

driver brother, Nicolas – would be enough to “open up doorways” for others. The realisation

that after all these years it wasn’t happening led him to rethink.

10 And as he was working things out, the world was slapped in the face by an example of sickening

racial hatred. On 25 May, the 46-year-old African American father-of-five George Floyd was

killed by Derek Chauvin, a white Minneapolis cop, who, as he was making an arrest, kneeled

on Floyd’s neck and choked the life out of him.

The 35-year-old remains traumatised by what he saw on the viral video of Floyd’s death that

15 circulated soon afterwards. You can hear it in his voice: “Watching George for that eight

minutes and 30 seconds, as for so many people, brought up so much emotion that I didn’t

even realise that I had clogged up and suppressed over that time.”

It also crystallised in his mind what he needed to do.

“Competing and winning championships is a great thing, but what does it really mean? It

20 doesn’t mean anything unless you can help push for change. I cannot keep silent during this

time. I decided that I have to use this platform. There are so many people out there who are

struggling and so many who have experienced what I have experienced, and worse,” he says,

in reference to the racism he was forced to endure both as a youngster and since he has been

a professional driver.

25 Hamilton is Formula One’s most successful driver […].

He has also just been voted No 1 in this year’s Powerlist, which showcases the country’s

most influential people of African, African Caribbean or African American heritage and is

sent to institutions such as schools and colleges so that children, especially black children,

can see what can be achieved with dedication and perseverance. Hamilton is the first sports

30 star to take top billing in the list’s 14-year history. He says the award is a “monumental

moment”. “Growing up in Stevenage, there’s quite a small black community there … to be

acknowledged within the black community … I’m just so proud.” The seven-strong panel

unanimously voted him No 1, not only for his amazing sporting career, but because of his

commitment to change.

35 His stance is symbolic of the way some of today’s black sports stars are using their celebrity

[…].

“It’s not enough to be not racist,” Hamilton says. “You have to be anti-racist. You have to

be against racism and supporting these movements.” The similarities with other stars such

as Raheem Sterling and LeBron James are obvious: like Hamilton, both are at the very top

40 of their game but are more than willing to speak out, whatever the risks.

But what distinguishes Hamilton is that in Sterling and James’s sports they do not stand alone.

There are a large number of high-profile competitors who support them – both black and

white. It is a point that has not been lost on Hamilton: “Look at the NBA, who have been

amazing. I was so, so surprised and impressed with what people have been doing … what

45 the football organisations have done.” Yet he himself hasn’t enjoyed the luxury of such

company.

Formula One racing began in 1950. In the intervening years some 750 young men have

taken to the track. Hamilton is still the only one of African Caribbean heritage.

Since Hamilton made the decision to start using his platform for more than showering the

50 second- and third-placed drivers with champagne, he has been a whirlwind. He has encouraged

competitors to back him by taking a knee before each race; convinced his team, Mercedes, to

change its cars’ livery from silver to black; and set up a commission to make the sport more

diverse at all levels of employment – all the while showcasing the Black Lives Matter cause

with a T-shirt and matching BLM facemask.

55 Speaking out on anything considered controversial when you are a figure of Hamilton’s

standing is not easy, he admits. “I’m in a white-dominated sport and, as you know, you have

to be very, very careful with how you approach it, what you say, because people will turn

your words against you most of the time.”

Annotations:

39 · Raheem Sterling – Jamaican-born British professional footballer

39 · LeBron James – African American professional basketball player

43 · NBA (National Basketball Association) – US-American men’s professional basketball league

43 – 45 · “Look at the NBA, … what the football organisations have done” – both in the USA and in Great Britain, professional sports leagues have openly shown solidarity with the Black Lives Matter movement

51 · to take a knee – to go down on one knee as a symbolic gesture against racial injustice

52 · “change its cars’ livery from silver to black” – since 1954, Mercedes’ Formula One racing cars have always had a silver livery, which gained the team the nickname ‘The Silver Arrows’; in 2020, they changed the colour to black as a statement against racism

Klausurteil B: Sprachmittlung isoliert

4. A friend from Britain is working on a school project about racism among football supporters and wants to learn about the situation in Germany. Write an email to her/him outlining what Felix Tamsut’s article says about racism in German fan culture, what “fan projects” are and why they have been successful.

(Mediation) [18 Punkte]

Textgrundlage: Klausurteil B

Felix Tamsut: Rassismus im deutschen Fußball: Viel erreicht, viel zu tun

Immer wenn man gedacht hatte, die Sache sei ausgestanden, kam der nächste Vorfall. Die Imitation von Affenlauten beim DFB-Pokalspiel zwischen Schalke und Hertha gegen den Berliner Jordan Torunarigha war nur eine der unrühmlichen Episoden. Diskriminierung in den Stadien? Unterhält man sich mit Fachleuten, die mit deutschen Fans arbeiten, hört man: In den letzten 30 Jahren ist die Bundesliga ein gutes Stück vorangekommen im Kampf für Integration und gegen Rassismus. Auch wenn die Situation bei Weitem nicht perfekt ist. Die Fortschritte sind auf eine Art deutsche „Erfindung“ zurückzuführen: die „Fanprojekte“, in denen professionelle Sozialarbeiter eng mit jungen Fußballanhängern zusammenarbeiten – und die auch die Interessen der Anhänger gegen Behörden und Vereine vertreten.

Die Projekte werden zu 50 Prozent vom Staat und zu 50 Prozent vom Deutschen Fußball-Bund (DFB) und der Deutschen Fußball Liga (DFL) finanziert. Sie agieren jedoch unabhängig und sind in der Regel ausschließlich auf die jungen Fans und deren Interessen ausgerichtet. Bei den Anhängern, die Woche für Woche ins Stadion strömen, genießen die Fan-Projekte ein hohes Maß an Reputation – auch und gerade bei den Hardcore-Ultra-Gruppen. Dieses Vertrauen erst hat es möglich gemacht, eine Diskussion über Diskriminierung und Rassismus auf den Rängen zu starten.

Ein gutes Beispiel: Als ein Zuschauer rassistische Verleumdungen gegen den ghanaischen Fußballspieler Leroy Kwadwo rief, reagierten andere Fans auf korrekte Art. Sie alarmierten den Sicherheitsdienst, der den Mann hinausbegleitete. Als dann die gegnerischen Spieler Kwadwo umarmten, stand das gesamte Stadion und rief: „Nazis raus!“

Michael Gabriel ist Leiter der Koordinationsstelle Fanprojekte (KOS), der Dachorganisation, die die Arbeit der lokalen Initiativen an rund 60 Standorten in Deutschland koordiniert. Die 1993 gegründete KOS hält den Kontakt zu den Sozialarbeitern, steuert Aufklärungskampagnen und bietet professionelle Beratung an. Im Gespräch mit der DW erinnert Gabriel an eine ganz andere Atmosphäre in den deutschen Stadien – zu der Zeit, als die Projekte ihre Arbeit aufnahmen. „Die Fankultur in Deutschland war in den achtziger Jahren nicht nur von Gewalt, sondern auch von Rassismus, Nationalismus und Chauvinismus geprägt. Wenn wir es nun aus der Makroperspektive betrachten, können wir feststellen, dass sich die Situation deutlich verbessert hat“, sagt Gabriel.

Woran man das erkennt? Die Zuschauer, die den rassistischen Übergriff auf Leroy Kwadwo von den Würzburger Kickers unterbunden haben, die hätten nach Überzeugung von Gabriel in den achtziger Jahren niemals diese Aufmerksamkeit bekommen. Nicht von den anderen Fans im ganzen Land, aber auch nicht von den Medien. „Das zeigt das Maß an Sensibilität, das wir in den vergangenen 30 Jahren erreicht haben“, argumentiert Gabriel.

Grundvoraussetzung der Fan-Arbeit ist die Annahme, dass es eben diese zahlenden Zuschauer sind, die die deutsche Fußballkultur prägen. Es liegt an ihnen, eigene Ideale zu entwickeln. Die Projekte stellen sicher, dass die Anhänger organisiert und diskussionsfähig sind – etwa durch die Gründung von eigenen Kommunikationsorganen, den „Fanzines“. In der Folge ergab sich ein Gefühl der Selbstverantwortung und die Bereitschaft, über eine „integrativere“ Fankultur nachzudenken. Viele der deutschen Fan- und Ultragruppen erkannten, dass rassistische Tendenzen kontraproduktiv sind, wenn es darum geht, populärer zu werden. Wenn man in europäische Stadien blickt, dann ist die Situation in Deutschland vergleichsweise fortschrittlich. Das bedeutet aber nicht, dass alles schon perfekt wäre.

Das FARE-Netzwerk verfolgt seit mehr als 20 Jahren rassistische Vorfälle im europäischen Fußball. Pavel Klymenko, der für politische Angelegenheiten zuständige FARE-Projektleiter, betont gegenüber der DW, dass Vorfälle der jüngsten Zeit keinen Anlass bieten, sich zurückzulehnen. [...] Zwar seien die zahlreichen Anti-Rassismus-Kampagnen von DFB und DFL ein positives Zeichen, aber Taten seien besser als Worte. „Verbände müssen sich selbst analysieren und fragen, wie vielfältig ihre Strukturen sind. Der Fußball muss so strukturiert werden, dass er diejenigen unterstützt, die unter Rassismus leiden.“

Anmerkungen:

Jordan Torunarigha – deutscher Fußballspieler mit nigerianischen Wurzeln

DW – Deutsche Welle

Fanzines – Fanzeitschriften

FARE (Football Against Racism in Europe) – europäisches Netzwerk gegen Rassismus im Fußball