Ejercicio Option B - I * Comprehension · Inglés PAU Andalucía Reserva B 2019

OPTION B: IS YOUR CHILD LYING TO YOU? THAT'S GOOD

1 Classic morality tales like “The Boy Who Cried Wolf” and “Pinocchio” focus on the dangers of dishonesty, and children who lie a

2 lot are thought to have problems later in life. But research suggests that lying may actually be a sign of intelligence.

3 In one experiment, children were asked not to look at a toy hidden behind them while the researcher left the room. Minutes later,

4 the researcher returned and asked the children if they had taken a look at it. Two major findings were revealed by this experiment. The

5 first is that a vast majority of children would look at the toy within seconds of being left alone. The other is that a significant number of

6 them lied about it, regardless of their gender, race or family’s religion.

7 Children are remarkably good at lying, and according to some experiments adults find it hard to detect their lies — even their own

8 children’s. It has also been found that children who start lying earlier have a higher IQ (Intelligence Quotient). Parents find this

9 paradoxical. We want our children to be clever enough to lie, but to be morally disinclined to do so. So what should parents do? In

10 general, carrots work better than sticks. Severe punishments do little to prevent lying; applauding honesty is more effective. While

11 morality tales, such as “Pinocchio”, fail to discourage them from lying, stories in which truthfulness is rewarded do reduce lying. The

12 key to promoting honest behavior is positive messaging—emphasizing the benefits of honesty rather than the disadvantages of lying.

I * COMPREHENSION (4 points)

CHOOSE AND WRITE THE CORRECT OPTION (A, B, C or D). (0.5 points each)

1.

According to the text, childhood morality tales...

2.

According to research, positive messaging...

ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWERS WITH THE PRECISE WORDS OR PHRASES FROM THE TEXT, OR USE YOUR OWN WORDS. (0.5 points each)

3.

The experiment revealed that kids’ tendency to lie depends on factors such as ethnic and religious background.

4.

It is easy for parents to find out when their children are lying.

5.

The earlier children start to lie, the more clever they are.

6.

Parents don’t want their kids to be liars even though it is a sign of intelligence.

7. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)

7.1.

7.2.

8. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)

8.1.

8.2.