Problema 13 · Biología URV Test Practice: Eukaryotes and Fungi

a. Which fungal lineage is recognized as the earliest-diverging (basal) branch of Kingdom Fungi?

Solución: c) Chytridiomycota

b. What is the distinctive dispersal mechanism of the Chytridiomycota?

Solución: b) Motile zoospores propelled by a posterior whiplash flagellum

c. Which structural proteins and biopolymers are degraded by certain specialized chytrids?

Solución: b) Insoluble chitin and vertebrate keratin

d. What ecological disease is linked to the chytrid Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis?

Solución: b) Chytridiomycosis causing catastrophic global amphibian declines

e. What type of hyphal morphology characterizes Zygomycota?

Solución: b) Coenocytic (aseptate) hyphae lacking regular cross-walls in vegetative states

f. What is the sexually produced resting spore of Zygomycota?

Solución: d) Zygospore

g. Which root-like hyphae anchor members of Zygomycota (e.g., Rhizopus) to the growth substrate?

Solución: b) Rhizoids

h. What is the common vernacular name applied to fungi belonging to phylum Ascomycota?

Solución: c) Sac fungi

i. What microscopic sac-like structure encloses the sexual spores of Ascomycota?

Solución: c) Ascus

j. What cytological sequence leads to the formation of ascospores in Ascomycota?

Solución: c) Fusion of compatible mating strains, karyogamy, meiosis, and post-meiotic mitosis within the ascus