Abitur NRW Geographie 2023 · GK · Haupttermin · bilingual Englisch

Abiturprüfung 2023 · Geographie bilingual-englisch, Grundkurs

Topic: Agricultural Production Contributing to Viable Development? – Case Study: Tea Cultivation, Kenya

Materialgrundlage

Fig. 1: Atlas – Maps of Your Choice

Fig. 2: Kenya – Socio-Economic Data

Fig. 3: Kenya – Population and Poverty

Fig. 4: Kenya – Cultivation Areas of Selected Crops

Fig. 5: Tea Plant – General Information

Fig. 6: Kericho – Climate

Fig. 7: Tea Cultivation in Kenya – Facts and Figures

Fig. 8: Climatic Suitability of Regions for Tea Cultivation

Assignments

1.

Locate Kenya and characterize how the country has developed socio-economically since 2005. (22 Punkte)

2.

Illustrate where tea is grown in Kenya, how its cultivation has developed and what significance it has. (30 Punkte)

3.

Discuss to what extent the cultivation of tea in Kenya is able to support viable development. (28 Punkte)

Topic: Spatial and Economic Development through Mining of Raw Materials? – Case Study: Copper Mining, Zambia

Zugelassene Hilfsmittel: Atlas, ein- und zweisprachiges Wörterbuch, Taschenrechner.

1.

Locate Zambia and characterize the country's level of development as well as its economic and demographic structures. [22 Punkte]

2.

Taking Zambia's socio-economic situation into account, illustrate how copper mining in Zambia has developed, how it is structured and what significance it has. [30 Punkte]

3.

Comment on how far copper mining supports sustainable development in Zambia. [28 Punkte]

Abiturprüfung 2023 – Geographie bilingual-englisch, Grundkurs

Topic: Transformation of Urban Space in the Context of Sustainable Urban Development – Case Study: Lincoln-Siedlung, Darmstadt

Materialgrundlage

Fig. 1: Maps of Your Choice (Atlas)

Fig. 2: Darmstadt – Facts and Figures

Fig. 3: Darmstadt – Economy

Fig. 4: Darmstadt – Housing Market

Fig. 5: Darmstadt Lincoln-Siedlung – Location and History

Fig. 6: Darmstadt Lincoln-Siedlung – Structure and Development

Fig. 7: Darmstadt Lincoln-Siedlung – Mobility Concept

Fig. 8: Darmstadt Lincoln-Siedlung – Mobility Behaviour

Fig. 2: Darmstadt – Facts and Figures

Information

Seat of more than 30 scientific institutions and research companies of international importance

Three universities: Technical University of Darmstadt, University of Applied Sciences, Protestant University of Applied Sciences

40,500 students

Attractive retail location, compact city where everything is within easy reach

2015 – 2019: ranked as most future-proof city in Germany by the German Economic Institute

Key industries: chemical, pharmaceutical, biotech, hair cosmetics, information and communication technology, mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, mechatronics, space technology

Rated as excellent place of residence for managers and skilled workers in the Rhine-Neckar Metropolitan Region by Chamber of Industry and Commerce (IHK)

Population

Year · Inhabitants

1990 · 137,705

1995 · 137,517

2000 · 136,238

2005 · 139,103

2010 · 143,276

2015 · 157,390

2020 · 161,700

2030* · 178,000

* Forecast

Migration Balance

Year · 2006 · 2007 · 2008 · 2009 · 2010 · 2011 · 2012 · 2013 · 2014 · 2015 · 2016 · 2017 · 2018 · 2019

Net balance · +599 · +1,220 · +36 · +1,132 · +958 · +2,571 · +2,017 · +1,773 · +2,007 · +3,060 · +1,966 · +188 · +696 · +318

Fig. 3: Darmstadt – Economy

Economic key data

· Darmstadt · Hesse

GDP per person employed 2018 (EUR) · 90,072 · 81,703

Change in gross earnings per employee 2013 – 2018 (%) · 16.4 · 13.4

Gemeindliche Steuerkraft 2019 (EUR / inhabitant)*** · 1,849 · 1,639

* In-commuting rate: share of in-commuters in the total number of employees at place of work

** Out-commuting rate: share of out-commuters in the total number of employees at place of residence

*** Parameter for assessing the financial potency of local entities such as towns or municipalities in Germany

Fig. 4: Darmstadt – Housing Market

Fig. 5: Darmstadt Lincoln-Siedlung – Location and History

1945 End of World War II; permanent stationing of US forces in Darmstadt

1954 Construction of Lincoln Family Housing: 33 housing rows with 588 apartments, schools, gymnasiums and kindergartens for US soldiers and their families; settlement area: 244,000 m²; living space: 76,000 m²

2008 Withdrawal of US forces; settlement vacant

2014 Acquisition of site by municipal development firm

2016 Proposal of redevelopment concept for Lincoln-Siedlung; first tenants move into the renovated old buildings

2019 Rental apartments in newly constructed buildings for sale

2022 Approx. 2,000 residents

2028 Planned completion; objective: 2,000 housing units for 5,000 residents

Fig. 6: Darmstadt Lincoln-Siedlung – Structure and Development

Heating through district heating network from thermal power station (biogas)

Age and social structure 2020 (%)

· DA · LS

Youth dependency ratio** · 23.5 · 31.1

Old-age dependency ratio*** · 25.3 · 5.3

Persons with migration background · 41.2 · 60.6

Recipients of social benefits for housing · 1.8 · 3.8

Recipients of old-age security benefits · 6.3 · 17.4

DA = Darmstadt; LS = Lincoln-Siedlung

* Housing units for specific population groups, e.g. for older people

** Number of children and young people (aged < 18) per one hundred people of working age (aged 18 – 65)

*** Number of older people (aged > 65) per one hundred people of working age (aged 18 – 65)

Fig. 7: Darmstadt Lincoln-Siedlung – Mobility Concept

Fig. 8: Darmstadt Lincoln-Siedlung – Mobility Behaviour

Data based on survey of residents of Lincoln-Siedlung in 2020 on their mobility behaviour before and after moving to Lincoln-Siedlung

1.

Situate Darmstadt geographically and characterize the demographic and socio-economic features of the city. [25 Punkte]

2.

Taking this context into account, illustrate how Lincoln-Siedlung has developed and how it is structured. [29 Punkte]

3.

Paying particular attention to the mobility concept, discuss to what extent the urban development project Lincoln-Siedlung contributes to sustainable urban development. [26 Punkte]