Aufgabe HT 3 · Abitur NRW Geographie GK · Haupttermin · bilingual Englisch 2023

Abiturprüfung 2023 – Geographie bilingual-englisch, Grundkurs

Topic: Transformation of Urban Space in the Context of Sustainable Urban Development – Case Study: Lincoln-Siedlung, Darmstadt

Materialgrundlage

Fig. 1: Maps of Your Choice (Atlas)

Fig. 2: Darmstadt – Facts and Figures

Fig. 3: Darmstadt – Economy

Fig. 4: Darmstadt – Housing Market

Fig. 5: Darmstadt Lincoln-Siedlung – Location and History

Fig. 6: Darmstadt Lincoln-Siedlung – Structure and Development

Fig. 7: Darmstadt Lincoln-Siedlung – Mobility Concept

Fig. 8: Darmstadt Lincoln-Siedlung – Mobility Behaviour

Fig. 2: Darmstadt – Facts and Figures

Information

Seat of more than 30 scientific institutions and research companies of international importance

Three universities: Technical University of Darmstadt, University of Applied Sciences, Protestant University of Applied Sciences

40,500 students

Attractive retail location, compact city where everything is within easy reach

2015 – 2019: ranked as most future-proof city in Germany by the German Economic Institute

Key industries: chemical, pharmaceutical, biotech, hair cosmetics, information and communication technology, mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, mechatronics, space technology

Rated as excellent place of residence for managers and skilled workers in the Rhine-Neckar Metropolitan Region by Chamber of Industry and Commerce (IHK)

Population

Year · Inhabitants

1990 · 137,705

1995 · 137,517

2000 · 136,238

2005 · 139,103

2010 · 143,276

2015 · 157,390

2020 · 161,700

2030* · 178,000

* Forecast

Migration Balance

Year · 2006 · 2007 · 2008 · 2009 · 2010 · 2011 · 2012 · 2013 · 2014 · 2015 · 2016 · 2017 · 2018 · 2019

Net balance · +599 · +1,220 · +36 · +1,132 · +958 · +2,571 · +2,017 · +1,773 · +2,007 · +3,060 · +1,966 · +188 · +696 · +318

Fig. 3: Darmstadt – Economy

Economic key data

· Darmstadt · Hesse

GDP per person employed 2018 (EUR) · 90,072 · 81,703

Change in gross earnings per employee 2013 – 2018 (%) · 16.4 · 13.4

Gemeindliche Steuerkraft 2019 (EUR / inhabitant)*** · 1,849 · 1,639

* In-commuting rate: share of in-commuters in the total number of employees at place of work

** Out-commuting rate: share of out-commuters in the total number of employees at place of residence

*** Parameter for assessing the financial potency of local entities such as towns or municipalities in Germany

Fig. 4: Darmstadt – Housing Market

Fig. 5: Darmstadt Lincoln-Siedlung – Location and History

1945 End of World War II; permanent stationing of US forces in Darmstadt

1954 Construction of Lincoln Family Housing: 33 housing rows with 588 apartments, schools, gymnasiums and kindergartens for US soldiers and their families; settlement area: 244,000 m²; living space: 76,000 m²

2008 Withdrawal of US forces; settlement vacant

2014 Acquisition of site by municipal development firm

2016 Proposal of redevelopment concept for Lincoln-Siedlung; first tenants move into the renovated old buildings

2019 Rental apartments in newly constructed buildings for sale

2022 Approx. 2,000 residents

2028 Planned completion; objective: 2,000 housing units for 5,000 residents

Fig. 6: Darmstadt Lincoln-Siedlung – Structure and Development

Heating through district heating network from thermal power station (biogas)

Age and social structure 2020 (%)

· DA · LS

Youth dependency ratio** · 23.5 · 31.1

Old-age dependency ratio*** · 25.3 · 5.3

Persons with migration background · 41.2 · 60.6

Recipients of social benefits for housing · 1.8 · 3.8

Recipients of old-age security benefits · 6.3 · 17.4

DA = Darmstadt; LS = Lincoln-Siedlung

* Housing units for specific population groups, e.g. for older people

** Number of children and young people (aged < 18) per one hundred people of working age (aged 18 – 65)

*** Number of older people (aged > 65) per one hundred people of working age (aged 18 – 65)

Fig. 7: Darmstadt Lincoln-Siedlung – Mobility Concept

Fig. 8: Darmstadt Lincoln-Siedlung – Mobility Behaviour

Data based on survey of residents of Lincoln-Siedlung in 2020 on their mobility behaviour before and after moving to Lincoln-Siedlung

1.

Situate Darmstadt geographically and characterize the demographic and socio-economic features of the city. [25 Punkte]

2.

Taking this context into account, illustrate how Lincoln-Siedlung has developed and how it is structured. [29 Punkte]

3.

Paying particular attention to the mobility concept, discuss to what extent the urban development project Lincoln-Siedlung contributes to sustainable urban development. [26 Punkte]