Problema 7 · Biología URV Test Practice: Eukaryotes and Fungi

a. What structural macromolecules constitute the primary framework of the fungal cell wall?

Solución: b) Chitin and beta-glucans

b. What is the principal biological function executed by fungal hyphae?

Solución: b) Extracellular digestion and nutrient absorption

c. What term describes the interconnected vegetative network formed by fungal hyphae?

Solución: c) Mycelium

d. Which morphological feature characterizes coenocytic hyphae?

Solución: c) Multinucleate continuous cytoplasm lacking regular transverse septa

e. What biological interaction is established in mycorrhizae?

Solución: b) Mutualistic symbiosis between fungi and plant roots

f. What defines the symbiotic organization of a lichen?

Solución: c) Mutualism between a mycobiont (fungus) and a photobiont (alga or cyanobacterium)

g. What specialized function is carried out by haustoria in biotrophic parasitic fungi?

Solución: b) Penetration of plant cell walls to absorb host nutrients

h. What critical ecosystem function is performed by saprophytic fungi?

Solución: a) Recycling of chemical nutrients by decomposing dead organic matter

i. Which asexual spore type is produced exogenously at the tips of specialized aerial hyphae?

Solución: a) Conidia

j. Which morphological class of fungi exhibits a predominantly unicellular growth habit?

Solución: c) Yeasts