Examen de Inglés PAU Galicia 2021 · Ordinaria

TEXT A

Imagine it is 1955 and you live in the USA. If you are black, you cannot mix with white people in public places. You cannot go to the same schools, use the same public toilets or sit together on public transport! This is called “racial segregation” and you could be imprisoned or even killed for not respecting the laws.

In 1955, one black woman refused to give her seat to a white man on a bus. The woman was immediately put in prison. Her name was Rosa Parks. Rosa Lived in Montgomery. She was a respected member of the black community. She worked as a seamstress in a department store and took the bus to work every day. Because she was black, she had to sit in a separate section, at the back of the bus.

December 1 st, 1955 was an ordinary day for Rosa. She was travelling home from work when four white passengers got on the bus. The driver told four black passengers to give up their seats. Three of them did, but Rosa refused. She said “No”. Immediately Rosa was arrested and spent the night in prison. Community leaders, including Martin Luther King Jr. decided to protest. They asked black people not to take the bus. Since 75% of bus passengers were black, without them, buses would lose money! For 381 days, Montgomery’s black citizens walked everywhere. Finally, segregation on buses was abolished. This was a small victory, but it changed the USA forever. It sparked the civil rights movement and gave black leaders the confidence to fight for racial equality.

Rosa Parks died in 2005. She never saw Americans elect their first African-American president, Barack Obama in 2008. But Obama said that without Rosa he would not be president. “Were it not for that quiet moment of courage by Mrs. Parks, I would not be standing here today being president” he said.

QUESTION 1. READ TEXT A AND ANSWER THE THREE QUESTIONS BELOW:

1.1. Write a summary of the text in English, including the most important points, using your own words. (approximately 50 words; 0.75 points).

TEXT A

Imagine it is 1955 and you live in the USA. If you are black, you cannot mix with white people in public places. You cannot go to the same schools, use the same public toilets or sit together on public transport! This is called “racial segregation” and you could be imprisoned or even killed for not respecting the laws.

In 1955, one black woman refused to give her seat to a white man on a bus. The woman was immediately put in prison. Her name was Rosa Parks. Rosa Lived in Montgomery. She was a respected member of the black community. She worked as a seamstress in a department store and took the bus to work every day. Because she was black, she had to sit in a separate section, at the back of the bus.

December 1 st, 1955 was an ordinary day for Rosa. She was travelling home from work when four white passengers got on the bus. The driver told four black passengers to give up their seats. Three of them did, but Rosa refused. She said “No”. Immediately Rosa was arrested and spent the night in prison. Community leaders, including Martin Luther King Jr. decided to protest. They asked black people not to take the bus. Since 75% of bus passengers were black, without them, buses would lose money! For 381 days, Montgomery’s black citizens walked everywhere. Finally, segregation on buses was abolished. This was a small victory, but it changed the USA forever. It sparked the civil rights movement and gave black leaders the confidence to fight for racial equality.

Rosa Parks died in 2005. She never saw Americans elect their first African-American president, Barack Obama in 2008. But Obama said that without Rosa he would not be president. “Were it not for that quiet moment of courage by Mrs. Parks, I would not be standing here today being president” he said.

QUESTION 1. READ TEXT A AND ANSWER THE THREE QUESTIONS BELOW:

1.2. Indicate whether the following statements are true or false (T/F) according to the text. Copy that part (and ONLY that part) of the text which justifies your answer. ( 1 point; 0.25 points each)

a.

In 1955, only white people could be in public places.

True

False

b.

During the protest buses lost money because 75% of bus passengers were black.

True

False

c.

After having walked for more than 12 months Montgomery’s black citizens were allowed to mix with white people on buses.

True

False

d.

Mrs. Park's bravery hindered civil rights movement

True

False

TEXT A

Imagine it is 1955 and you live in the USA. If you are black, you cannot mix with white people in public places. You cannot go to the same schools, use the same public toilets or sit together on public transport! This is called “racial segregation” and you could be imprisoned or even killed for not respecting the laws.

In 1955, one black woman refused to give her seat to a white man on a bus. The woman was immediately put in prison. Her name was Rosa Parks. Rosa Lived in Montgomery. She was a respected member of the black community. She worked as a seamstress in a department store and took the bus to work every day. Because she was black, she had to sit in a separate section, at the back of the bus.

December 1 st, 1955 was an ordinary day for Rosa. She was travelling home from work when four white passengers got on the bus. The driver told four black passengers to give up their seats. Three of them did, but Rosa refused. She said “No”. Immediately Rosa was arrested and spent the night in prison. Community leaders, including Martin Luther King Jr. decided to protest. They asked black people not to take the bus. Since 75% of bus passengers were black, without them, buses would lose money! For 381 days, Montgomery’s black citizens walked everywhere. Finally, segregation on buses was abolished. This was a small victory, but it changed the USA forever. It sparked the civil rights movement and gave black leaders the confidence to fight for racial equality.

Rosa Parks died in 2005. She never saw Americans elect their first African-American president, Barack Obama in 2008. But Obama said that without Rosa he would not be president. “Were it not for that quiet moment of courage by Mrs. Parks, I would not be standing here today being president” he said.

QUESTION 1. READ TEXT A AND ANSWER THE THREE QUESTIONS BELOW:

1.3. Find words or phrases in the text that correspond in meaning to the words and definitions given here: ( 0.75 points; 0.25 points each)

a.

b.

c.

QUESTION 2. ANSWER THE TWO BLOCKS OF QUESTIONS:

QUESTION 2. ANSWER THE TWO BLOCKS OF QUESTIONS:

2.1. Block 1. Pronunciation: ( 0.90 points; 0.15 points per item)

a.

Which word has the same vowel sound as the letter underlined in the word “r u de”?

b.

In which word is the underlined vowel pronounced differently from the others? bl a ck, st a nding, sep a rate, A frican.

c.

In which two words is the underlined letter pronounced /z/ as in “tree s ”? respect, fee s, aboli s hed, con s ider seamstress, po s e, s ort, keep s

d.

In which two words are the underlined letters pronounced “i” / ɪ / as in “p i ck”? p i nk, w o men, f i le, m ee t, f i bre, f ee l, c i der, p ee r

QUESTION 2. ANSWER THE TWO BLOCKS OF QUESTIONS:

2.2. Block 2. Complete the second sentence of each pair so that it has the same meaning as the first one. You must use the word or expression in italics. (1.60 points)

a.

She began talking on the phone an hour ago.

b.

"Were it not for that quiet moment of courage by Mrs. Parks I would not be president", said Obama.

c.

Don't spend any more money!

d.

People said her attitude was exceptionally brave.

TEXT B

Just under half of UK parents think their child's school should ban mobile phones and one in eight parents said their child's school had already done so. The number of gadgets that schoolchildren are carrying into class every day is mind-boggling and parents are concerned about their children being distracted by mobile phones at school.

Other people think school is a place where kids should be able to learn about technology and when it is appropriate to use it or not, in a safe environment. They're not being given the opportunity to self-regulate if their phones are taken away. In addition, many parents want to be able to contact their children in emergencies, and to find out where they are if they don't turn up at home at the usual time, either by calling them or by using an app.

At one school in Wales, teenagers have volunteered to hand their mobiles in to teachers once a week.

The school had held an assembly to highlight the issue of the addictive nature of phones and in follow-up conversations with students it was found that the latter also had concerns.

“The question was whether removing their phones and the social media that go with them might cause students anxiety, social isolation or loneliness”, Mr. Hill, the deputy head teacher said. "We discussed it with our pupils. We’ve got a pretty open-minded group of pupils here."

Following feedback, the school decided to ask students if they would voluntarily hand in their phones for the day on Fridays. This wasn’t presented as a punishment but as an opportunity to try something new. Initially, it was the pupils' choice to hand them in, but, as so many took part, it has now become school policy.

Students have reported feeling more able to focus during homework and revision time and talk about the freedom the measure created.

Not only were students being taught the importance of how they used their phones and the length of time they spent on them, they were also building "digital resilience" to help them self-monitor usage.

3.1. Write a summary of the text in English, including the most important points, using your own words. (Approximately 50 words; 0.75 points).

TEXT B

Just under half of UK parents think their child's school should ban mobile phones and one in eight parents said their child's school had already done so. The number of gadgets that schoolchildren are carrying into class every day is mind-boggling and parents are concerned about their children being distracted by mobile phones at school.

Other people think school is a place where kids should be able to learn about technology and when it is appropriate to use it or not, in a safe environment. They're not being given the opportunity to self-regulate if their phones are taken away. In addition, many parents want to be able to contact their children in emergencies, and to find out where they are if they don't turn up at home at the usual time, either by calling them or by using an app.

At one school in Wales, teenagers have volunteered to hand their mobiles in to teachers once a week.

The school had held an assembly to highlight the issue of the addictive nature of phones and in follow-up conversations with students it was found that the latter also had concerns.

“The question was whether removing their phones and the social media that go with them might cause students anxiety, social isolation or loneliness”, Mr. Hill, the deputy head teacher said. "We discussed it with our pupils. We’ve got a pretty open-minded group of pupils here."

Following feedback, the school decided to ask students if they would voluntarily hand in their phones for the day on Fridays. This wasn’t presented as a punishment but as an opportunity to try something new. Initially, it was the pupils' choice to hand them in, but, as so many took part, it has now become school policy.

Students have reported feeling more able to focus during homework and revision time and talk about the freedom the measure created.

Not only were students being taught the importance of how they used their phones and the length of time they spent on them, they were also building "digital resilience" to help them self-monitor usage.

3.2. Indicate whether the following statements are true or false (T/F) according to the text. Copy that part (and ONLY that part) of the text which justifies your answer. (1 point)

a.

Students take many technological devices to school.

True

False

b.

Some parents call their children to know where they are.

True

False

c.

At a certain school in Wales it is now optional for the students to hand in their phones on Fridays.

True

False

d.

The text concludes that students feel uneasy without their phones.

True

False

TEXT B

Just under half of UK parents think their child's school should ban mobile phones and one in eight parents said their child's school had already done so. The number of gadgets that schoolchildren are carrying into class every day is mind-boggling and parents are concerned about their children being distracted by mobile phones at school.

Other people think school is a place where kids should be able to learn about technology and when it is appropriate to use it or not, in a safe environment. They're not being given the opportunity to self-regulate if their phones are taken away. In addition, many parents want to be able to contact their children in emergencies, and to find out where they are if they don't turn up at home at the usual time, either by calling them or by using an app.

At one school in Wales, teenagers have volunteered to hand their mobiles in to teachers once a week.

The school had held an assembly to highlight the issue of the addictive nature of phones and in follow-up conversations with students it was found that the latter also had concerns.

“The question was whether removing their phones and the social media that go with them might cause students anxiety, social isolation or loneliness”, Mr. Hill, the deputy head teacher said. "We discussed it with our pupils. We’ve got a pretty open-minded group of pupils here."

Following feedback, the school decided to ask students if they would voluntarily hand in their phones for the day on Fridays. This wasn’t presented as a punishment but as an opportunity to try something new. Initially, it was the pupils' choice to hand them in, but, as so many took part, it has now become school policy.

Students have reported feeling more able to focus during homework and revision time and talk about the freedom the measure created.

Not only were students being taught the importance of how they used their phones and the length of time they spent on them, they were also building "digital resilience" to help them self-monitor usage.

3.3. Find words or phrases in the text that correspond in meaning to the words and definitions given here: (0.75 points)

a.

b.

c.

TEXT B

Just under half of UK parents think their child's school should ban mobile phones and one in eight parents said their child's school had already done so. The number of gadgets that schoolchildren are carrying into class every day is mind-boggling and parents are concerned about their children being distracted by mobile phones at school.

Other people think school is a place where kids should be able to learn about technology and when it is appropriate to use it or not, in a safe environment. They're not being given the opportunity to self-regulate if their phones are taken away. In addition, many parents want to be able to contact their children in emergencies, and to find out where they are if they don't turn up at home at the usual time, either by calling them or by using an app.

At one school in Wales, teenagers have volunteered to hand their mobiles in to teachers once a week.

The school had held an assembly to highlight the issue of the addictive nature of phones and in follow-up conversations with students it was found that the latter also had concerns.

“The question was whether removing their phones and the social media that go with them might cause students anxiety, social isolation or loneliness”, Mr. Hill, the deputy head teacher said. "We discussed it with our pupils. We’ve got a pretty open-minded group of pupils here."

Following feedback, the school decided to ask students if they would voluntarily hand in their phones for the day on Fridays. This wasn't presented as a punishment but as an opportunity to try something new. Initially, it was the pupils' choice to hand them in, but, as so many took part, it has now become school policy.

Students have reported feeling more able to focus during homework and revision time and talk about the freedom the measure created.

Not only were students being taught the importance of how they used their phones and the length of time they spent on them, they were also building "digital resilience" to help them self-monitor usage.

QUESTION 4. ANSWER THE TWO BLOCKS OF QUESTIONS:

4.1. Block 1. Pronunciation: (0.90 point)

a.1

In which word is the pronunciation of the vowel “u” different? p u nishment, p u pils, p u nk, p u mp

a.2

Find in the text a homophone (a word that sounds the same as another) of the word “weather.”

b.

In which two words does the underlined letter sound like the “sh” in “fashion”? que s tion, conclu s ion, o c ean, u s ual, ca s ual, na t ion, deci s ion, plea s ure

c.

In which two words do the vowels sound like the vowels in “friend”? clear, steak, steady, break, mean, ready, pear, fear

TEXT B

Just under half of UK parents think their child's school should ban mobile phones and one in eight parents said their child's school had already done so. The number of gadgets that schoolchildren are carrying into class every day is mind-boggling and parents are concerned about their children being distracted by mobile phones at school.

Other people think school is a place where kids should be able to learn about technology and when it is appropriate to use it or not, in a safe environment. They're not being given the opportunity to self-regulate if their phones are taken away. In addition, many parents want to be able to contact their children in emergencies, and to find out where they are if they don't turn up at home at the usual time, either by calling them or by using an app.

At one school in Wales, teenagers have volunteered to hand their mobiles in to teachers once a week.

The school had held an assembly to highlight the issue of the addictive nature of phones and in follow-up conversations with students it was found that the latter also had concerns.

“The question was whether removing their phones and the social media that go with them might cause students anxiety, social isolation or loneliness”, Mr. Hill, the deputy head teacher said. "We discussed it with our pupils. We’ve got a pretty open-minded group of pupils here."

Following feedback, the school decided to ask students if they would voluntarily hand in their phones for the day on Fridays. This wasn't presented as a punishment but as an opportunity to try something new. Initially, it was the pupils' choice to hand them in, but, as so many took part, it has now become school policy.

Students have reported feeling more able to focus during homework and revision time and talk about the freedom the measure created.

Not only were students being taught the importance of how they used their phones and the length of time they spent on them, they were also building "digital resilience" to help them self-monitor usage.

QUESTION 4. ANSWER THE TWO BLOCKS OF QUESTIONS:

4.2. Block 2. Complete the second sentence of each pair so that it has the same meaning as the first one. You must use the word or expression in italics. (1.6 points)

a.

I’m sure he forgot about our meeting.

...must...

b.

My father said to me: “Apologise to your sister immediately.”

...told...

c.

“When did you begin to study French?”

How long...

d.

We hired someone to fix our toilet last week.

We... our toilet...

QUESTION 5. WRITE A COMPOSITION ANSWERING THESE QUESTIONS:

Would you agree to not using your mobile phone for a whole day every week? Why/ Why not? (Approximately 120 words) [2.5 points]

QUESTION 6. WRITE A COMPOSITION ANSWERING THIS QUESTION:

Why is racism so difficult to eradicate? (Approximately 120 words) [2.5 points]