Problema 4 · Biología URV Practice Test: Biology and Genetics of Prokaryotes

1. Which scenario illustrates a base substitution mutation?

Solución: b) One specific nucleotide base is exchanged for an alternative base

2. What is the phenotypic outcome of a silent point mutation?

Solución: b) The encoded amino acid sequence and resulting protein remain completely unchanged

3. What type of point mutation alters a codon so that it encodes an alternate amino acid?

Solución: c) Missense mutation

4. What term denotes the enzymatic translocation of a mobile genetic element from one genomic site to another?

Solución: c) Transposition

5. What occurs during non-replicative (conservative) transposition?

Solución: b) The transposon is excised from the donor site and inserts into a recipient site without duplication

6. Which statement correctly characterizes replicative transposition?

Solución: a) The original transposable element remains intact at its native donor locus while a duplicate integrates elsewhere

7. How is genetic recombination defined in molecular biology?

Solución: b) Physical breakage, exchange, and rejoining of genetic elements to generate hybrid DNA molecules

8. Which class of recombination occurs between highly identical or closely matching DNA sequences?

Solución: c) Homologous recombination

9. What is a fundamental prerequisite for homologous recombination in bacteria?

Solución: c) Substantial, nearly identical nucleotide sequences shared between donor and recipient DNA fragments