Problema 2 · Biología URV Practice Test: Biology and Genetics of Prokaryotes

1. What is the biological definition of binary fission?

Solución: c) Asexual reproduction generating two genetically identical progeny cells

2. Which critical biological events take place in the initial stage of binary fission?

Solución: a) Cellular elongation accompanied by duplication of genomic DNA

3. During binary fission, where and how does the cross-wall (septum) form?

Solución: a) It synthesizes inward between the two dividing daughter cells

4. What defines bacterial plasmids?

Solución: b) Extrachromosomal circular DNA molecules encoding accessory advantageous functions

5. Which of the following is NOT an attribute of bacterial genomes?

Solución: b) Packaging around eukaryotic histone octamers

6. What constitutes an operon in bacterial genetics?

Solución: b) A polycistronic cluster of related structural genes transcribed under a single promoter and regulatory system

7. Which regulatory factor directly attaches to the operator sequence of an operon to silence gene expression?

Solución: c) A specific repressor protein

8. What is the primary scientific purpose of the Gram staining technique?

Solución: b) To classify bacteria based on fundamental differences in their cell wall composition

9. What distinctive color do Gram-positive cells show following a complete Gram stain protocol?

Solución: b) Purple

10. Following Gram staining, what color do Gram-negative bacteria appear under brightfield microscopy?

Solución: a) Pink/red