Problema 7 · Biología URV Practice Test: Biology and Genetics of Prokaryotes

1. What is the theoretical maximum net ATP yield per oxidized glucose molecule during complete aerobic respiration in prokaryotes?

Solución: b) 36–38 ATP

2. Which catabolic pathway is energetically the least efficient in generating ATP per molecule of substrate?

Solución: c) Fermentation

3. In what key aspect does anaerobic respiration diverge from aerobic respiration?

Solución: c) It utilizes alternative inorganic external electron acceptors such as nitrate (NO3−) or sulfate (SO42−)

4. What physiological function do intracellular polysaccharide granules serve in bacteria?

Solución: b) Serving as energy and carbon storage reserves

5. Which type of bacterial inclusion body is characteristic of species inhabiting hydrogen sulfide-rich niches?

Solución: d) Sulfur globules

6. Poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) granules function primarily as storage for:

Solución: d) Carbon and energy reserves

7. Which nutritional category encompasses bacteria using H2S as an inorganic electron donor to drive metabolic synthesis?

Solución: a) Chemoautotrophs (chemolithoautotrophs)

8. During a transduction event, where does homologous recombination take place?

Solución: c) In the genome of the secondary recipient bacterium

9. The light-independent reactions of the Calvin cycle directly require which products of the light reactions?

Solución: b) ATP and NADPH

10. Which characteristic feature is hallmarks fermentation?

Solución: c) Incomplete breakdown of substrate using endogenous organic electron acceptors

11. The accumulation and variety of prokaryotic inclusion bodies primarily fluctuate according to:

Solución: b) Ambient environmental conditions and prevailing nutrient availability