Problema 1 · Biología URV Practice Test: Biology and Genetics of Prokaryotes

1. What defines prokaryotic organisms?

Solución: b) Unicellular organisms lacking a membrane-bound nucleus

2. What represents the primary diagnostic difference separating prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells?

Solución: b) Presence of intracellular membrane-bound organelles

3. Which biological domains comprise prokaryotic organisms?

Solución: c) Bacteria and Archaea

4. What is the primary role of the bacterial cell wall?

Solución: b) Conferring structural integrity and preventing cell bursting due to osmotic pressure

5. Which polymeric macromolecule constitutes the foundational component of bacterial cell walls?

Solución: b) Peptidoglycan (murein)

6. What is a distinguishing envelope characteristic of Gram-positive bacteria?

Solución: b) A prominent, multilayered murein peptidoglycan wall

7. Why do Gram-negative bacteria exhibit reduced susceptibility to penicillin?

Solución: b) An outer lipid membrane shields the underlying peptidoglycan layer

8. What functional purpose does the bacterial capsule fulfill?

Solución: c) Guarding against desiccation and evasion of host immune responses

9. What are bacterial fimbriae?

Solución: b) Filamentous proteinaceous appendages mediating surface attachment

10. What is the primary physiological function of bacterial flagella?

Solución: b) Active swimming motility and sensory stimulus taxis