Examen de Inglés PAU Andalucía 2021 · Ordinaria Titular (Admisión)

TEXT 1: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TO REDUCE DRIVING STRESS

1 I am testing a new car, trying to forget my troubles and concentrate on the driving, so that I do not become a danger to pedestrians.

2 “Hello, Corinne, what’s stressing you right now?,” a calm voice speaks from my car’s audio system. The conversation that follows

3 shows all the ways in which artificial intelligence could transform our experience behind the wheel: not by driving the car for us but by

4 taking better care of us as we drive.

5 5 Three-quarters of U.S. workers drive to work alone. This may be a problem if we take into account that long trips to work are

6 associated with serious health risks, such as high blood pressure or obesity. Technology, however, has long promised that the solution

7 is right around the corner: self-driving cars. But it will likely be decades before such cars are a reality.

8 In the meantime, a small group of scientists are working on how cars can make us happier while we drive them. Their main project

9 is this car: it is equipped with the latest technologies to decrease a driver’s stress. In fact, this car offers the option of practicing a

10 10 guided breathing exercise while the driver’s seat vibrates at intervals, and then, there is a voice instructing the driver to breathe along

11 with its rhythm.

12 The goal is a car that can detect a rise in a driver’s stress level, via seat and steering wheel sensors or neck-tension cameras. It

13 would then automatically start the breathing exercise, talk about a problem or tell a joke to ease tension. So, after this experience, and

14 while we wait for self-driving cars, I can’t wait for this vehicle to be on the market!

CHOOSE AND WRITE THE CORRECT OPTION (A, B, C or D). (0.5 points each)

1.

The writer might be a problem to pedestrians if...

2.

The new car can...

ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWERS WITH THE PRECISE WORDS OR PHRASES FROM THE TEXT, OR USE YOUR OWN WORDS. (0.5 points each)

3.

Solo journeys to work may cause long-term health effects.

4.

Cars that drive themselves will surely be a fact in ten years.

5.

Stress-level in the driver can be sensed in this new car by different devices.

6.

The writer would never buy this new car if produced.

7. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)

7.1.

7.2.

8. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)

8.1.

8.2.

TEXT 2: INTERGENERATIONAL CARE

1 Intergenerational care is defined as “planned ongoing activities that bring together different generations in shared settings to

2 participate in experiences that are mutually beneficial.” The concept is thought to have originated during the 1970s in Tokyo when a

3 nursery school and a care home merged together. The idea of joint settings quickly spread through the USA, Canada and the

4 Netherlands. More recently, there has been a Channel 4 programme, “Old People’s Home for 4 Year Olds”, which has increased the

5 awareness of the approach.

6 Supporters enthusiastically report that children benefit greatly as they get to see people of all ages and backgrounds. Some of the

7 residents use wheelchairs, some have specialised equipment, so children get to understand that this is part of life and part of being

8 older. Connecting with the elderly can also provide children with one-to-one reading opportunities which can boost their reading and

9 vocabulary skills. Babies and young children can live miles away from their grandparents or older relatives, so visiting local residents

10 provides them with the opportunity to mix with a generation that they may have never known.

11 But it is not only the children who benefit from the visits. The non-profit organisation “United for All Ages” reveals that the regular

12 interactions help the elderly too. There are recognised improvements to their poor health, anxiety and loneliness. A nursery worker

13 explains that “one lady hugs dolls as if they were her own children and our children interact with her with no judgement or opinions; it

14 is all lovely to see.”

CHOOSE AND WRITE THE CORRECT OPTION (A, B, C or D). (0.5 points each)

9.

Intergenerational care benefits...

A

are rare nowadays.

B

are enjoyed both by young and old people.

C

exclusively affect children.

D

have been observed for centuries.

10.

Children in intergenerational care programmes...

A

expand their life experiences.

B

make the elderly feel lonelier.

C

are critical with the elderly.

D

cannot interact with the elderly.

ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWERS WITH THE PRECISE WORDS OR PHRASES FROM THE TEXT, OR USE YOUR OWN WORDS. (0.5 points each)

11.

An intergenerational care documentary has been broadcast.

TRUE

FALSE

12.

Thanks to these innovative measures, kids may learn that ageing is part of a natural process.

TRUE

FALSE

13.

Younger generations do not improve their lexical competence in intergenerational programmes.

TRUE

FALSE

14.

Some families have to travel long distances to participate in an intergenerational care programme.

TRUE

FALSE

FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)

15.1.

15.2.

FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)

16.1.

16.2.

17. FILL IN THE GAPS WITH A CORRECT FORM OF THE VERB IN BRACKETS:

17.1.

“The baby was sleeping when the telephone

...” (ring)

17.2.

“She must

already because the light is off.” (leave)

18. FILL IN THE GAPS WITH THE CORRECT OPTION:

18.1.

“Has she recovered

the accident yet?”

18.2.

“The painting is similar

the one I have in my bedroom.”

19. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO THE ACTIVE VOICE:

“All non-essential shops will be closed.”

20. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO THE PASSIVE VOICE:

“When did they translate this novel into Japanese?”

21. GIVE A QUESTION FOR THE UNDERLINED WORDS: “ Richard's wife is a famous writer.”

22. JOIN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES USING A RELATIVE. MAKE CHANGES IF NECESSARY: “New York is the largest American city. It is not the capital of the US.”

23. REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE WITHOUT CHANGING ITS MEANING. BEGIN AS INDICATED: “That is the most terrifying book I have ever read.”

24. COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONAL SENTENCE: “If your proposal had been more interesting,...”

25. REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE WITHOUT CHANGING ITS MEANING. BEGIN AS INDICATED: “When was the last time you heard from her?” When did...

26. THERE ARE TWO MISTAKES IN THIS SENTENCE. FIND THE MISTAKES AND REWRITE THE SENTENCE CORRECTLY: “We ought to not have ordered so many fast food.”

27. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO REPORTED SPEECH: “‘Can you meet me at the station tomorrow?’, she asked me.”

28. USE THE WORDS IN THE BOXES TO MAKE A MEANINGFUL SENTENCE. USE ALL AND ONLY THE WORDS IN THE BOXES WITHOUT CHANGING THEIR FORM:

a · used · blue · there · here · be · wall · to

BLOQUE C (Redacción)

Puntuación máxima: 3 puntos. Deberá realizar una redacción de aproximadamente 120 palabras de SOLAMENTE 1 de los dos temas propuestos.

III * WRITING (3 points)

29. WRITE A COMPOSITION OF APPROXIMATELY 120 WORDS ABOUT ONE OF THE TOPICS PROPOSED AND FOCUS STRICTLY ON IT. CHOOSE ONE TOPIC ONLY:

29.1. Apart from cars, how could technology and artificial intelligence improve our lives? Explain.

BLOQUE C (Redacción)

Puntuación máxima: 3 puntos. Deberá realizar una redacción de aproximadamente 120 palabras de SOLAMENTE 1 de los dos temas propuestos.

III * WRITING (3 points)

29. WRITE A COMPOSITION OF APPROXIMATELY 120 WORDS ABOUT ONE OF THE TOPICS PROPOSED AND FOCUS STRICTLY ON IT. CHOOSE ONE TOPIC ONLY:

29.2. Older generations can teach us useful lessons. Discuss.