Problema 1 · Biología URV Test Practice: Eukaryotes and Fungi

a. What represents a definitive hallmark of all eukaryotic cells?

Solución: c) Membrane-bound internal organelles

b. What is the biological function of ubiquitin?

Solución: b) Tags target proteins for enzymatic degradation

c. Which characteristic was NOT an evolutionary innovation acquired during eukaryotic emergence?

Solución: a) Spliceosomes

d. What primary physiological function is served by contractile vacuoles?

Solución: b) Osmoregulation and expulsion of excess cytosolic water

e. Which specialized morphological structures drive motility in amoeboid cells?

Solución: c) Pseudopodia

f. Which property accurately characterizes motile cilia?

Solución: c) Execution of coordinated, wave-like beating patterns

g. What distinctive genomic trait characterizes Giardia intestinalis?

Solución: b) Markedly fewer introns relative to typical eukaryotes

h. What is the principal role of a phagotrophic food vacuole?

Solución: a) Enzymatic digestion of engulfed matter

i. What constitutes a kinetoplast?

Solución: b) A dense network of concatenated mitochondrial DNA

j. Which human pathology is caused by infection with Trypanosoma cruzi?

Solución: c) Chagas disease