1. The Passive: Examples
Flashcards
- Give an example of a sentence in the passive voice.
- Women are still being seen by directors as passive assistants to men.
- Is 'Directors are still seeing women as passive assistants to men' in active or passive voice?
- Active
- What is emphasized in a passive sentence?
- The action being performed.
- Give an example of a sentence in the active voice.
- Film companies have used the excuse that films with female leads don't make money.
Multiple-choice questions
- Which of the following sentences is in the active voice?
- a) Women are still being seen by directors as passive assistants to men.
- b) The excuse has been used by film companies.
- c) Directors are still seeing women as passive assistants to men.
- d) Films are said to be more successful.
Answer: c) Directors are still seeing women as passive assistants to men.. The active voice indicates that the subject of the sentence is performing the action. In option c, 'Directors' are performing the action of 'seeing'.
- In the passive voice, what is emphasized?
- a) The person performing the action.
- b) The action being performed.
- c) The object of the action.
- d) The time the action occurred.
Answer: b) The action being performed.. The passive voice emphasizes the action that is being performed, rather than the person performing the action.
- Which sentence correctly uses the passive voice?
- a) People say that films with male leads are more successful.
- b) Film companies have used the excuse.
- c) Films are said to be more successful.
- d) Directors see women as assistants.
Answer: c) Films are said to be more successful.. The passive voice is formed using a form of 'to be' + past participle. 'Films are said to be more successful' fits this structure.
2. The Passive: Structure
Flashcards
- What is the focus of active sentences?
- The person performing the action.
- What is the focus of passive sentences?
- The action being performed.
- In a passive sentence, what happens to the subject?
- It receives the action.
- What is the role of the 'agent' in a passive sentence?
- The entity performing the action.
Multiple-choice questions
- In the passive voice example, 'Women are still being seen by directors as passive assistants to men,' which part of the sentence is the 'AGENT'?
- a) Women
- b) directors
- c) passive assistants
- d) to men
Answer: b) directors. In the passive voice structure, the agent is the entity performing the action, which in this case is 'directors'.
- In the active voice example, 'Directors are still seeing women as passive assistants to men,' which part of the sentence is the 'OBJECT'?
- a) Directors
- b) are still seeing
- c) women
- d) as passive assistants to men
Answer: c) women. In the active voice structure, the object is the entity receiving the action, which in this case is 'women'.
- Which of the following sentences is structured in the passive voice?
- a) The director made the film.
- b) The film was made by the director.
- c) The director is making the film.
- d) The film is going to make the director famous.
Answer: b) The film was made by the director.. The passive voice is formed using a form of 'to be' + past participle. 'The film was made by the director' fits this structure.
3. The Passive: Uses
Flashcards
- What is emphasized in the passive form?
- The action being performed.
- What is emphasized in active sentences?
- The person performing the action.
- In 'The excuse that has been used by film companies is that films with female leads don't make money,' what is emphasized?
- The action being performed.
- In 'Film companies have used the excuse that films with female leads don't make money,' what is emphasized?
- The person performing the action.
Multiple-choice questions
- In passive voice, what is emphasized?
- a) The person performing the action
- b) The action being performed
- c) The object of the action
- d) The time the action occurred
Answer: b) The action being performed. The passive voice emphasizes the action that is being performed, rather than who is performing it.
- Which voice emphasizes the person performing the action?
- a) Passive voice
- b) Active voice
- c) Causative voice
- d) Impersonal voice
Answer: b) Active voice. Active voice focuses on the person or entity that is performing the action.
- What is the primary focus of a sentence written in the passive voice?
- a) The subject performing the action
- b) The recipient of the action
- c) The action itself
- d) The time the action took place
Answer: c) The action itself. In passive voice, the action itself is the main focus, rather than who or what is performing the action.
4. Sentences with Two Objects
Flashcards
- What is the passive form of 'I sent him a letter'?
- He was sent a letter / A letter was sent to him.
- What is the passive form of 'She told me a lie'?
- I was told a lie / A lie was told to me.
- Can a sentence with two objects have two passive forms?
- Yes
- In 'I sent him a letter', which is the direct object?
- A letter
Multiple-choice questions
- In the sentence 'I sent him a letter,' which is the direct object?
- a) him
- b) I
- c) letter
- d) sent
Answer: c) letter. The direct object is the noun that receives the action of the verb directly. In this case, 'letter' is what was sent.
- Which of the following is the correct passive form of 'She told me a lie'?
- a) A lie was told to I
- b) I was told a lie
- c) She was told a lie
- d) A lie was telling to me
Answer: b) I was told a lie. 'I was told a lie' is a correct passive transformation, focusing on the recipient of the action.
- Which of the following is another correct passive form of 'I sent him a letter'?
- a) He was send a letter.
- b) He was sent a letter.
- c) A letter was send to him.
- d) A letter was sending to him.
Answer: b) He was sent a letter.. 'He was sent a letter' is a valid passive form, focusing on the recipient of the letter.
5. The Passive: Impersonal Sentences
Flashcards
- What is a common phrase used to start impersonal passive sentences?
- It is said / It is believed
- Give an example of an impersonal passive sentence.
- It is said that films with male leads are more successful.
- How can you rewrite 'People say that films with male leads are more successful' in the impersonal passive voice?
- Films are said to be more successful.
- What is the active form of 'It is believed that films with male leads are more successful'?
- People believe that films with male leads are more successful.
Multiple-choice questions
- In impersonal passive sentences, what is a common starting phrase?
- a) They say...
- b) It is said...
- c) People think...
- d) I believe...
Answer: b) It is said.... Impersonal passive sentences often begin with 'It is said' or 'It is believed' to express general opinions or beliefs without specifying who holds them.
- Which of the following is an example of an impersonal passive sentence?
- a) The director made the film.
- b) It is believed that the Earth is round.
- c) She believes in ghosts.
- d) They say he is a great actor.
Answer: b) It is believed that the Earth is round.. 'It is believed that the Earth is round' is an impersonal passive sentence because it uses the passive voice to express a general belief without specifying who believes it.
- What is the active voice counterpart of the impersonal passive sentence 'Films are said to be more successful'?
- a) People say films are more successful.
- b) Films say they are more successful.
- c) It is said films are more successful.
- d) They believe films are successful.
Answer: a) People say films are more successful.. The active voice counterpart is 'People say films are more successful,' where 'people' is the subject performing the action of 'saying'.
6. The Causative: Examples
Flashcards
- What is the main function of causative verbs?
- To show the subject causes an action to be done by someone else.
- Give an example of a causative sentence using 'have'.
- I had my car repaired.
- Give an example of a causative sentence using 'get'.
- The studio got the set built by an experienced company.
- Is 'have' or 'get' generally more formal in causative sentences?
- 'Have' is generally more formal.
Multiple-choice questions
- In the causative form 'Hollywood has its films created almost exclusively by men,' who is performing the action of creating the films?
- a) Hollywood
- b) The films themselves
- c) Men
- d) The audience
Answer: c) Men. The causative form indicates that Hollywood is causing the films to be created, and the phrase 'almost exclusively by men' specifies who is performing the action.
- What is the function of causative verbs in English?
- a) To describe actions performed by the subject
- b) To indicate actions done for the subject by someone else
- c) To emphasize the passive voice
- d) To replace all active verbs
Answer: b) To indicate actions done for the subject by someone else. Causative verbs are used to show that the subject causes an action to be done, rather than performing the action themselves.
- In the example 'The studio got the set built by an experienced company,' what does 'got' indicate?
- a) The studio built the set themselves.
- b) The studio arranged for the set to be built by someone else.
- c) The studio bought the set.
- d) The studio destroyed the set.
Answer: b) The studio arranged for the set to be built by someone else.. 'Got' in this context indicates that the studio caused or arranged for the set to be built by an experienced company.
7. The Causative: Uses
Flashcards
- What do 'have something done' and 'get something done' indicate?
- Actions done for the subject by someone else.
- What is the role of causative verbs?
- To show the subject causes the action to be done.
- Which verb is more formal: 'have' or 'get'?
- 'Have' is more formal.
- In what form is 'get' commonly used?
- Imperative form.
Multiple-choice questions
- What is the primary purpose of causative verbs?
- a) To indicate actions performed by the subject.
- b) To show the subject causes the action to be done.
- c) To emphasize the passive nature of the action.
- d) To describe events outside of the subject's control.
Answer: b) To show the subject causes the action to be done.. Causative verbs are used to indicate that the subject causes someone else to perform the action, rather than performing the action themselves.
- Which of the following best describes the use of 'have something done' and 'get something done'?
- a) Actions done by the subject.
- b) Actions done for the subject by someone else.
- c) Actions that the subject is forced to do.
- d) Actions related to events outside one's control.
Answer: b) Actions done for the subject by someone else.. 'Have something done' and 'get something done' are used when someone else performs the action for the subject.
- Which verb is generally considered more formal in causative constructions?
- a) Get
- b) Make
- c) Have
- d) Do
Answer: c) Have. In causative constructions, 'have' is generally considered more formal than 'get'.
8. Further Information: Non-Causative Uses of Have and Get
Flashcards
- What do 'have' and 'get' refer to in their non-causative uses?
- Events outside someone's control.
- Give an example of a sentence using 'have' non-causatively.
- Billy had his pay reduced.
- Give an example of a sentence using 'get' non-causatively.
- I got my legs burnt.
- Are non-causative 'have' and 'get' used for actions done 'by' the subject?
- No, they are used for events happening 'to' the subject.
Multiple-choice questions
- In the context of non-causative uses, what do 'have' and 'get' primarily refer to?
- a) Events someone caused intentionally.
- b) Events outside someone's control.
- c) Actions performed by someone.
- d) Tasks someone completed successfully.
Answer: b) Events outside someone's control.. 'Have' and 'get' in non-causative uses refer to events that happened to someone but were outside their control, not actions they performed or caused.
- Which of the following sentences exemplifies the non-causative use of 'have' or 'get'?
- a) She had her car washed.
- b) They got the project finished on time.
- c) He had his wallet stolen.
- d) We got a new television installed.
Answer: c) He had his wallet stolen.. The sentence 'He had his wallet stolen' illustrates an event (wallet stolen) that happened to him, which was outside of his control.
- What does the non-causative use of 'have' and 'get' emphasize?
- a) The subject's direct action.
- b) The subject's ability to control events.
- c) Events happening to the subject, beyond their control.
- d) The subject's responsibility for an outcome.
Answer: c) Events happening to the subject, beyond their control.. The non-causative use emphasizes events that occur to the subject, highlighting a lack of control over those events.
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Document text
THE PASSIVE & THE CAUSATIVE THE PASSIVE: EXAMPLES Women are still being seen by directors as passive assistants to men. Directors are still seeing women as passive assistants to men. The excuse that has been used by film companies is that films with female leads don't make money. Film companies have used the excuse that films with female leads don't make money. It is said / It is believed that films with male leads are more successful. Films are said / believed to be more successful. People say / believe that films with male leads are more successful.
PASSIVE ACTIVE PASSIVE PASSIVE PASSIVE ACTIVE ACTIVE THE PASSIVE: STRUCTURE Women are still being seen by directors as passive assistants to men. Directors are still seeing women as passive assistants to men. SUBJECT VERB OBJECT PASSIVE SUBJECT PASSIVE OBJECT AGENT VERB THE PASSIVE: USES The excuse that has been used by film companies is that films with female leads don't make money. Film companies have used the excuse that films with female leads don't make money. Active sentences emphasise in the person performing the action. The action that is being performed is emphasised in the passive form.
SENTENCES WITH TWO OBJECTS When there are two objects in an active sentence, there are two possible passive sentences: I sent him a letter: He was sent a letter / A letter was sent to him. She told me a lie: I was told a lie / A lie was told to me. THE PASSIVE: IMPERSONAL SENTENCES It is said / It is believed that films with male leads are more successful. Films are said / believed to be more successful. People say / believe that films with male leads are more successful. THE CAUSATIVE: EXAMPLES Hollywood has its films created almost exclusively by men. The studio got the set built by an experienced company. Get the set ready!
THE CAUSATIVE: USES Have something done and get something done are both used to refer to actions which are done for the subject rather than by the subject. Causative verbs are used instead of passive verbs to show that the subject causes the action to be done. The differences between have and get something done are that have is a bit more formal and that we use get for the imperative form. FURTHER INFORMATION: NON-CAUSATIVE USES OF HAVE AND GET Have and get are also used to refer to events which happened to someone, but were outside their control. After being late for work every day for two weeks, Billy had its pay reduced. I stood so close to the fire that I got my legs burnt.