Examen de Inglés PAU Navarra 2023 · Ordinaria

Opción A

NO MORE UNIVERSITY HAZING!

(¡NO MÁS NOVATADAS!)

It’s Thursday night. Twenty students meet on a vacant lot near Madrid’s university area to initiate first-year students into college life. The roles are clearly defined. The veterans are well dressed and armed with cartons of cheap wine. The first-year students are wearing costumes and are already drunk. In one corner, a new student is on his knees vomiting while five others egg him on: “You’re going to keep on drinking until we see your dinner diced!”. As September comes around again, so does this supposed rite of passage. A few years ago, the controversy over these initiation rituals surfaced once more in the wake of a viral video of an aggressive punch from a veteran boy to a first-year student girl during one such session. Both parties, who were living at a student residence in Madrid, were suspended for two weeks.

Laura Croas, a psychologist specializing in issues related to bullying, believes that hazing persists for two main reasons: “Firstly, at that age belonging to a group is extremely important and you accept humiliations because you’re scared of the consequences if you don’t. Secondly, the victims believe that they will be the hazers further down the line. They accept being the victim of hazing because later they will be the veteran”. Croas explains that, although some of the rituals seem harmless, hazing plays on the victim’s emotions and can leave its mark as an adult. She also sheds light on the veterans’ role and why hazing tends to go too far. “In group therapy, we can clearly observe our capacity as human beings to abuse power in an assumed role. It’s an erroneous way of channeling the rage we carry inside us. We experience what is known as a ‘power rush’, which comes with a thought: I was once a victim but now I have climbed higher”.

Madrid’s Complutense University has launched its annual ‘No more hazing’ campaign in a bid to phase out the practice, with an anti-hazing meeting point where established students help the newcomers. “The students feel more comfortable with one another,” says the vice-rector, and she gives a piece of advice to the new students “Remember: quitting the group when you are being hazed takes character, courage, and integrity. No one has the right to humiliate you. You have to show assertiveness and self-confidence. You can enjoy the university atmosphere and make good friends, but not at any price”.

1. Answer these questions about the text. Use your own words wherever possible (2 points, 1 each).

a)

According to Laura Croas, why does hazing persist?

b)

What is the aim of the anti-hazing meeting point and what advice does the vice-rector give?

Opción A

NO MORE UNIVERSITY HAZING!

(¡NO MÁS NOVATADAS!)

It’s Thursday night. Twenty students meet on a vacant lot near Madrid’s university area to initiate first-year students into college life. The roles are clearly defined. The veterans are well dressed and armed with cartons of cheap wine. The first-year students are wearing costumes and are already drunk. In one corner, a new student is on his knees vomiting while five others egg him on: “You’re going to keep on drinking until we see your dinner diced!”. As September comes around again, so does this supposed rite of passage. A few years ago, the controversy over these initiation rituals surfaced once more in the wake of a viral video of an aggressive punch from a veteran boy to a first-year student girl during one such session. Both parties, who were living at a student residence in Madrid, were suspended for two weeks.

Laura Croas, a psychologist specializing in issues related to bullying, believes that hazing persists for two main reasons: “Firstly, at that age belonging to a group is extremely important and you accept humiliations because you’re scared of the consequences if you don’t. Secondly, the victims believe that they will be the hazers further down the line. They accept being the victim of hazing because later they will be the veteran”. Croas explains that, although some of the rituals seem harmless, hazing plays on the victim’s emotions and can leave its mark as an adult. She also sheds light on the veterans’ role and why hazing tends to go too far. “In group therapy, we can clearly observe our capacity as human beings to abuse power in an assumed role. It’s an erroneous way of channeling the rage we carry inside us. We experience what is known as a ‘power rush’, which comes with a thought: I was once a victim but now I have climbed higher”.

Madrid’s Complutense University has launched its annual ‘No more hazing’ campaign in a bid to phase out the practice, with an anti-hazing meeting point where established students help the newcomers. “The students feel more comfortable with one another,” says the vice-rector, and she gives a piece of advice to the new students “Remember: quitting the group when you are being hazed takes character, courage, and integrity. No one has the right to humiliate you. You have to show assertiveness and self-confidence. You can enjoy the university atmosphere and make good friends, but not at any price”.

2. Read the following statements, decide whether they are true or false and justify your answer by quoting evidence from the text (1 point, 0,50 each).

a)

Not only the boy but also the girl involved in the aggressive punch were suspended.

True

False

b)

Hazing can go too far when those formerly abused, become abusers and experience a power rush.

True

False

Opción A

NO MORE UNIVERSITY HAZING!

(¡NO MÁS NOVATADAS!)

It’s Thursday night. Twenty students meet on a vacant lot near Madrid’s university area to initiate first-year students into college life. The roles are clearly defined. The veterans are well dressed and armed with cartons of cheap wine. The first-year students are wearing costumes and are already drunk. In one corner, a new student is on his knees vomiting while five others egg him on: “You’re going to keep on drinking until we see your dinner diced!”. As September comes around again, so does this supposed rite of passage. A few years ago, the controversy over these initiation rituals surfaced once more in the wake of a viral video of an aggressive punch from a veteran boy to a first-year student girl during one such session. Both parties, who were living at a student residence in Madrid, were suspended for two weeks.

Laura Croas, a psychologist specializing in issues related to bullying, believes that hazing persists for two main reasons: “Firstly, at that age belonging to a group is extremely important and you accept humiliations because you’re scared of the consequences if you don’t. Secondly, the victims believe that they will be the hazers further down the line. They accept being the victim of hazing because later they will be the veteran”. Croas explains that, although some of the rituals seem harmless, hazing plays on the victim’s emotions and can leave its mark as an adult. She also sheds light on the veterans’ role and why hazing tends to go too far. “In group therapy, we can clearly observe our capacity as human beings to abuse power in an assumed role. It’s an erroneous way of channeling the rage we carry inside us. We experience what is known as a ‘power rush’, which comes with a thought: I was once a victim but now I have climbed higher”.

Madrid’s Complutense University has launched its annual ‘No more hazing’ campaign in a bid to phase out the practice, with an anti-hazing meeting point where established students help the newcomers. “The students feel more comfortable with one another,” says the vice-rector, and she gives a piece of advice to the new students “Remember: quitting the group when you are being hazed takes character, courage, and integrity. No one has the right to humiliate you. You have to show assertiveness and self-confidence. You can enjoy the university atmosphere and make good friends, but not at any price”.

3. Find in the text the word or group of words which match these definitions (1 point, 0, 25 each).

a)

Continue (paragraph 1).

b)

A blow, a hard hit with the fist (paragraph 1).

c)

Inoffensive, innocuous, without bad effects (paragraph 2).

d)

Abandoning, leaving (paragraph 3).

4. Complete the text using the correct words from the box below. There are 2 words that you won't need (2 points, 0, 25 each).

NO

USED TO

THROUGH

REGARDING

WORST

COMPLAINS

ALTHOUGH

FROM

WORSE

COMPLAINTS

Forty (a)

have been received across Spain in the last year (b)

rituals ranging (c)

cold showers in the small hours of the morning to enforced drinking or coating newcomers in products such as flour. Lucas, who (d)

live at a student residence in Madrid, says that (e)

he was humiliated as a freshman he was never the one making others suffer as a veteran. "The (f)

they did was make me eat my own vomit mixed with soup. If you have never been (g)

it, it's hard to understand why we don't say no. It seems easy from the outside, but when you are part of it, you feel you have (h)

choice".

5. Write a composition of around 150-200 words on ONE of the following topics (4 points)

a.

Last year you started university and suffered from hazing and humiliation by a group of veterans. Write an email to your friend telling him/her about it.

b.

“It is better to follow the crowd in order to fit in with a group than to challenge the rules”. Do you agree with this statement? Give your opinion.

1. Answer these questions about the text. Use your own words wherever possible (2 points, 1 each).

a.

In Finland there are no standardized tests. What's the consequence of this for students?

b.

What are the characteristics of the teaching profession in Finland?

2. Read the following statements, decide whether they are true or false and justify your answer by quoting evidence from the text (1 point, 0,50 each).

a.

Finland spends less money on each student than the UK or US.

TRUE

FALSE

b.

A six-year-old kid doesn't have to attend school in Finland.

TRUE

FALSE

3. Find in the text the word or group of words which match these definitions (1 point, 0, 25 each).

a.

Concentrates on (paragraph 1).

b.

Promoting, encouraging (paragraph 2).

c.

Do less than expected, especially in schoolwork (paragraph 2).

d.

Support (paragraph 3).

4. Complete the text using the correct words from the box below. There are 2 words that you won't need (2 points, 0, 25 each).

TEACHING

INTO

FOR

BY

LIKE

OWN

THE BEST

IS BEING

TEACH

IS BEEN

What can we learn from the educational system of Finland that is considered

(a)

system in the world? Maybe it is like this because various facts like curiosity, creativity, experimentation, and many other things are predominant.

(b)

does not mean to give information that

(c)

repeated until it is memorized. For the Fins, learning to think is more important. The government does not decide what the educational system should be

(d)

and every college is allowed to organize its

(e)

programme of studies. Here in Spain, every government that is elected

(f)

a specific period of time adopts a new education law without taking

(g)

consideration the people who are directly affected

(h)

this: students, teachers, and parents.

5. Write a composition of around 150-200 words on ONE of the following topics (4 points)

a.

There is a teacher job available in a school in Helsinki (Finland). Write a formal application letter to the school head teacher showing your interest for the job. Remember to include your abilities, skills and all the suitable information you may provide in order to get the job.

b.

Do exams provide a good way to measure students' knowledge? Give your opinion about this topic. You can present other alternatives you may consider appropriate to assess students.