Examen de Inglés PAU Madrid 2024 · Ordinaria Lunes

TEXTO A

How a Child Lives the Present

I took my two-year-old grandson, Jason, to the park where he could run around and see the duck pond. My goal was to get him outside for a while and teach him about the ducks. They’re actually geese, but duck pond sounds cuter, so that’s what we call it. Some neighbors have seen frogs in it, and even snails! Swans settled in the pond some time ago. Many ducks too, but one day the ducks flew away and never returned.

Two-year-olds don’t need goals. That was the first of several lessons I learned that day. Jason had a sense of wonder. As soon as we got out of the car, he looked up at the sky. He found joy in watching the big, pillowy clouds drifting across the sky. I’d forgotten how hypnotic clouds could be. Next, he stared at the oaks and the willows and watched their leaves rustle in the wind.

His curiosity was constant, intense. He was always on the search for sticks, big and small. A stick could be used for many things. He scraped the ground with them or waved them in the air like a flag. Jason said hi to everyone. A few 4- and 5-year-olds weren’t sure how to respond. But they all said hi back. His emerging language skills are typical for his age, part vocabulary and part babble. He tried to start conversations with more enthusiasm than success. It was clear he didn’t care what people looked like, how old they were, or whether they said hello first.

My biggest revelation was that Jason was fully present no matter what he was doing —looking for sticks, running across the lawn, or looking at the sky. He was completely and absolutely in the moment.

Adapted from “Right Here, Right Now,” Stanford Magazine, July 2023, <https://stanfordmagazine.org/contents/right-here-right-now>

A.1.- Are the following statements TRUE or FALSE? Copy the evidence from the text. Use a complete sentence. No marks are given for only TRUE or FALSE. (Puntuación máxima: 2 puntos)

a)

Geese were the only birds living in the pond when Jason and his grandfather visited the park.

TRUE

FALSE

b)

Jason could easily chat with other kids about anything.

TRUE

FALSE

TEXTO A

How a Child Lives the Present

I took my two-year-old grandson, Jason, to the park where he could run around and see the duck pond. My goal was to get him outside for a while and teach him about the ducks. They’re actually geese, but duck pond sounds cuter, so that’s what we call it. Some neighbors have seen frogs in it, and even snails! Swans settled in the pond some time ago. Many ducks too, but one day the ducks flew away and never returned.

Two-year-olds don’t need goals. That was the first of several lessons I learned that day. Jason had a sense of wonder. As soon as we got out of the car, he looked up at the sky. He found joy in watching the big, pillowy clouds drifting across the sky. I’d forgotten how hypnotic clouds could be. Next, he stared at the oaks and the willows and watched their leaves rustle in the wind.

His curiosity was constant, intense. He was always on the search for sticks, big and small. A stick could be used for many things. He scraped the ground with them or waved them in the air like a flag. Jason said hi to everyone. A few 4- and 5-year-olds weren’t sure how to respond. But they all said hi back. His emerging language skills are typical for his age, part vocabulary and part babble. He tried to start conversations with more enthusiasm than success. It was clear he didn’t care what people looked like, how old they were, or whether they said hello first.

My biggest revelation was that Jason was fully present no matter what he was doing —looking for sticks, running across the lawn, or looking at the sky. He was completely and absolutely in the moment.

Adapted from “Right Here, Right Now,” Stanford Magazine, July 2023, <https://stanfordmagazine.org/contents/right-here-right-now>

A.2.- In your own words and based on the ideas in the text, answer the following questions. Do not copy from the text. (Puntuación máxima: 2 puntos)

a)

What was the grandfather's aim when he took Jason to the park?

b)

What was not important for Jason about people? Mention two aspects.

TEXTO A

How a Child Lives the Present

I took my two-year-old grandson, Jason, to the park where he could run around and see the duck pond. My goal was to get him outside for a while and teach him about the ducks. They’re actually geese, but duck pond sounds cuter, so that’s what we call it. Some neighbors have seen frogs in it, and even snails! Swans settled in the pond some time ago. Many ducks too, but one day the ducks flew away and never returned.

Two-year-olds don’t need goals. That was the first of several lessons I learned that day. Jason had a sense of wonder. As soon as we got out of the car, he looked up at the sky. He found joy in watching the big, pillowy clouds drifting across the sky. I’d forgotten how hypnotic clouds could be. Next, he stared at the oaks and the willows and watched their leaves rustle in the wind.

His curiosity was constant, intense. He was always on the search for sticks, big and small. A stick could be used for many things. He scraped the ground with them or waved them in the air like a flag. Jason said hi to everyone. A few 4- and 5-year-olds weren’t sure how to respond. But they all said hi back. His emerging language skills are typical for his age, part vocabulary and part babble. He tried to start conversations with more enthusiasm than success. It was clear he didn’t care what people looked like, how old they were, or whether they said hello first.

My biggest revelation was that Jason was fully present no matter what he was doing —looking for sticks, running across the lawn, or looking at the sky. He was completely and absolutely in the moment.

Adapted from “Right Here, Right Now,” Stanford Magazine, July 2023, <https://stanfordmagazine.org/contents/right-here-right-now>

A.3.- Find the words in the text that mean: (Puntuación máxima: 1 punto)

a)

b)

c)

d)

A.4.- Complete the following sentences. Use the appropriate form of the word in brackets when given. (Puntuación máxima: 2 puntos)

a)

Jason's grandfather suggested

(go) to the park because he takes pleasure

watching nature.

b)

If we

(not feed) the ducks every day, they will fly away

another park.

c)

I

(live) here in the woods for five years now.

, I don't like wild animals.

d)

Complete the following sentence to report what was said:

Maggie: "I've never wanted to live in this big city".

A.5.- Write about 150 to 200 words on the following topic. (Puntuación máxima: 3 puntos)

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of living in the countryside.

TEXTO B

Is Artificial Intelligence Transforming Education?

As one of the most disruptive technologies in the forthcoming years, even in schools, Artificial Intelligence will be able to make the educational experience more efficient and engaging, both for teachers and students. Last year, Stanford University published the report “Artificial Intelligence and Life in 2030,” exploring the role of AI in various aspects of society. Talking about education and learning, the report stated that AI will play a fundamental role.

Formal education will probably never disappear completely, but it is clear that the new forms of online education are becoming more and more important. “They will become part of learning at all levels, from K-12 to University,” says the report by Stanford University, “facilitating more customisable approaches to learning.” Thanks to the Artificial Intelligence, in fact, online education systems will learn as the students learn, understanding their needs and supporting them with a tailor-made itinerary.

Also, statistics about learning will accelerate the development of new tools for personalised education. With the use of technologies powered by Artificial Intelligence, the problem of a “one-size-fits-all” approach to teaching will be finally solved. Thanks to Machine Learning algorithms, teachers will be able to identify the educational needs of their students, and find the gaps in their methods, pointing where students are struggling the most. On the other hand, students will be able to move through their education more effectively, and talented students who are often bored by easy tasks will finally find new motivation and challenges.

In years to come, teaching will remain a complex social interaction that requires authentic human skills, such as empathy for example, and these skills could hardly be learned by a machine. This means instructors will simply be assisted by robots, which will make these professionals better at their job.

Adapted from “Is Artificial Intelligence transforming Education?,” Acer Education, April 18, 2017. <https://acerforeducation.acer.com/education-trends/education-technology/is-artificial-intelligence-transforming-education/?gclid=Cj0KCQjwqP2pBhDMARIsAJQ0CzpKFPvmKVdmN1PsO8trjYQ5ga29fOo5T3Lt9WVwzOUpcaSbnR37t1caAl_lEALw_wcB>

B.1.- Are the following statements TRUE or FALSE? Copy the evidence from the text. Use a complete sentence. No marks are given for only TRUE or FALSE. (Puntuación máxima: 2 puntos)

a)

Not one single piece of research has addressed the effects of AI on our civilization.

TRUE

FALSE

b)

Data analysis will facilitate the development of innovative learning instruments for each student.

TRUE

FALSE

TEXTO B

Is Artificial Intelligence Transforming Education?

As one of the most disruptive technologies in the forthcoming years, even in schools, Artificial Intelligence will be able to make the educational experience more efficient and engaging, both for teachers and students. Last year, Stanford University published the report “Artificial Intelligence and Life in 2030,” exploring the role of AI in various aspects of society. Talking about education and learning, the report stated that AI will play a fundamental role.

Formal education will probably never disappear completely, but it is clear that the new forms of online education are becoming more and more important. “They will become part of learning at all levels, from K-12 to University,” says the report by Stanford University, “facilitating more customisable approaches to learning.” Thanks to the Artificial Intelligence, in fact, online education systems will learn as the students learn, understanding their needs and supporting them with a tailor-made itinerary.

Also, statistics about learning will accelerate the development of new tools for personalised education. With the use of technologies powered by Artificial Intelligence, the problem of a “one-size-fits-all” approach to teaching will be finally solved. Thanks to Machine Learning algorithms, teachers will be able to identify the educational needs of their students, and find the gaps in their methods, pointing where students are struggling the most. On the other hand, students will be able to move through their education more effectively, and talented students who are often bored by easy tasks will finally find new motivation and challenges.

In years to come, teaching will remain a complex social interaction that requires authentic human skills, such as empathy for example, and these skills could hardly be learned by a machine. This means instructors will simply be assisted by robots, which will make these professionals better at their job.

Adapted from “Is Artificial Intelligence transforming Education?,” Acer Education, April 18, 2017. <https://acerforeducation.acer.com/education-trends/education-technology/is-artificial-intelligence-transforming-education/?gclid=Cj0KCQjwqP2pBhDMARIsAJQ0CzpKFPvmKVdmN1PsO8trjYQ5ga29fOo5T3Lt9WVwzOUpcaSbnR37t1caAl_lEALw_wcB>

B.2.- In your own words and based on the ideas in the text, answer the following questions. Do not copy from the text. (Puntuación máxima: 2 puntos)

a)

How will Artificial Intelligence benefit advanced students?

b)

Will teachers be replaced by technology in the future? Explain why.

TEXTO B

Is Artificial Intelligence Transforming Education?

As one of the most disruptive technologies in the forthcoming years, even in schools, Artificial Intelligence will be able to make the educational experience more efficient and engaging, both for teachers and students. Last year, Stanford University published the report “Artificial Intelligence and Life in 2030,” exploring the role of AI in various aspects of society. Talking about education and learning, the report stated that AI will play a fundamental role.

Formal education will probably never disappear completely, but it is clear that the new forms of online education are becoming more and more important. “They will become part of learning at all levels, from K-12 to University,” says the report by Stanford University, “facilitating more customisable approaches to learning.” Thanks to the Artificial Intelligence, in fact, online education systems will learn as the students learn, understanding their needs and supporting them with a tailor-made itinerary.

Also, statistics about learning will accelerate the development of new tools for personalised education. With the use of technologies powered by Artificial Intelligence, the problem of a “one-size-fits-all” approach to teaching will be finally solved. Thanks to Machine Learning algorithms, teachers will be able to identify the educational needs of their students, and find the gaps in their methods, pointing where students are struggling the most. On the other hand, students will be able to move through their education more effectively, and talented students who are often bored by easy tasks will finally find new motivation and challenges.

In years to come, teaching will remain a complex social interaction that requires authentic human skills, such as empathy for example, and these skills could hardly be learned by a machine. This means instructors will simply be assisted by robots, which will make these professionals better at their job.

Adapted from “Is Artificial Intelligence transforming Education?,” Acer Education, April 18, 2017. <https://acerforeducation.acer.com/education-trends/education-technology/is-artificial-intelligence-transforming-education/?gclid=Cj0KCQjwqP2pBhDMARIsAJQ0CzpKFPvmKVdmN1PsO8trjYQ5ga29fOo5T3Lt9WVwzOUpcaSbnR37t1caAl_lEALw_wcB>

B.3.- Find the words in the text that mean: (Puntuación máxima: 1 punto)

a)

b)

c)

d)

B.4.- Complete the following sentences. Use the appropriate form of the word in brackets when given. (Puntuación máxima: 2 puntos)

a)

The computer

(reboot) yesterday by a technician. Previously, it had been out

order for a full week.

b)

In the future, I'd rather

(use) my creativity

Artificial Intelligence applications.

c)

If I

(have) time to develop new algorithms in the 1990s, I

(become) a millionaire many years ago.

d)

Rachel is the one

took the decision to create a new AI enterprise

her own.

B.5.- Write about 150 to 200 words on the following topic. (Puntuación máxima: 3 puntos)

Explain the pros and cons of using Artificial Intelligence as a student.