Question 1 - 1.2.1 · Inglés PAU Galicia Extraordinaria 2023

TEXT A

In many countries, young people have a more active social life than any other group in society. This social life revolves around pubs, bars, discotheques and clubs. Therefore, young people are a target for advertisers, especially those working for liquor companies. Promotions and advertising campaigns are aimed at introducing young people to different brands of liquor. The idea is to attract as many young people as possible into a club or bar, thus creating a new generation of drinkers, who have a lifetime of drinking ahead of them. Companies often offer drinks at cut prices together with free T-shirts, caps and posters in order to encourage teenagers to try new 'tastes' in hard liquor. One vodka company actually held a competition in which the prize was free vodka for a whole term at university. As one teenager put it, "I could get used to this."

This form of advertising has been strongly criticized by health experts, who argue that young people are unaware of the short and long-term dangers of alcohol. The main danger, they claim, is not a long-term threat such as liver damage or alcoholism, but the serious short-term risks to life when young people consume amounts of liquor they are not used to. The most common example of this is drunken driving, which all too often leads to injury and death. Young people are unaware of how drinking affects their judgment and their reaction time. Another example is the unfortunate case of one young teenager who went to a tequila promotion and collapsed in her home after drinking 17 tequilas. When she woke up later and went to her window to breathe fresh air, she fell to her death.

Experts on alcoholism believe that the only way to prevent this disturbing trend is to teach teenagers the facts about the effects of alcohol on the body, and to make them aware of the serious risks they take when they drink and drive. Perhaps they should also be shown how they are being manipulated by advertisers who are not concerned about the consequences but only about making a profit.

1.2.1. Complete the second sentence of each pair so that it has the same meaning as the first one. You must use the word or expression in italics. (2 points)

a.

Many people say that teenagers drink a lot of alcohol.

b.

"Tonight the pub will offer drinks at cut prices together with free T-shirts"

c.

Anyone under the age of 18 is allowed in this bar.

d.

The film started two minutes ago.

e.

I would never go to this pub, because its waiters are paid miserable salaries.