Examen de Inglés PAU Castilla y León 2023 · Ordinaria (Fase Mejora de Nota)

OPTION A

MY NEIGHBORS WON'T LEASH THEIR DOGS. WHAT CAN I DO?

Allowing unleashed dogs in common areas of residential buildings is against the law. I live in an apartment in a large Manhattan building. Two neighbors do not leash their dogs in the common areas — the hallways, lobby and elevators. One of them lives next door to me. Our manager has spoken to them about this several times. I don’t like dogs coming up to me or jumping on me. What are my options to force these people to leash their dogs?

Dogs in New York City must be leashed in public spaces, so your neighbors are violating city laws. You are entitled to walk through your building without being bothered by someone else’s pet. “The bottom line is that a landlord must ensure that all tenants are safe and comfortable in their homes,” said Jennifer Rozen, a Manhattan lawyer who represents tenants.

Leash laws make sense. A dog does not need to be violent or aggressive to injure someone. But even if you’re not endangered, you’re not obligated to interact with a dog. “It’s important for people to understand that no matter how much we love our dogs, you can’t assume that everyone around you has the same feeling. And you certainly can’t assume that everyone around you is comfortable with dogs,” said Andrea Arden, a New York City dog trainer who has heard of unleashed dogs running into elevators without their owners.

Your landlord could send the offending tenants notices to start eviction proceedings. Write the landlord a letter explaining that the unleashed dogs pose a real safety risk. Point out that if the dogs injured someone, management could be negligent for failing to correct a hazard. In a future lawsuit, “if the parties can show that the landlord had notice and did nothing, that makes for a good personal injury claim,” Ms. Rozen said.

If a letter doesn’t get your landlord’s attention, threatening not to pay rent certainly will. It’s “the most powerful tool you have as a tenant,” Ms. Rozen said. It might be enough to persuade management to take the issue seriously.

(Fragment adapted from The New York Times.)

1) BRIEFLY ANSWER ONLY 4 OUT OF THE FOLLOWING 6 QUESTIONS WITH ONLY THE DATA REQUIRED (NOT A WHOLE SENTENCE) (2 POINTS; 0.5 POINTS EACH).

1.

What is illegal to do in common areas of residential buildings?

2.

According to the text, is one's own apartment a common area in a building?

3.

What is Ms. Rozen's job?

4.

Are people obligated to interact with somebody's dog, according to the text?

5.

Who could be held responsible for failing to correct a hazard?

6.

What will get your landlord's attention if a letter fails to do so?

OPTION A

MY NEIGHBORS WON'T LEASH THEIR DOGS. WHAT CAN I DO?

Allowing unleashed dogs in common areas of residential buildings is against the law. I live in an apartment in a large Manhattan building. Two neighbors do not leash their dogs in the common areas — the hallways, lobby and elevators. One of them lives next door to me. Our manager has spoken to them about this several times. I don’t like dogs coming up to me or jumping on me. What are my options to force these people to leash their dogs?

Dogs in New York City must be leashed in public spaces, so your neighbors are violating city laws. You are entitled to walk through your building without being bothered by someone else’s pet. “The bottom line is that a landlord must ensure that all tenants are safe and comfortable in their homes,” said Jennifer Rozen, a Manhattan lawyer who represents tenants.

Leash laws make sense. A dog does not need to be violent or aggressive to injure someone. But even if you’re not endangered, you’re not obligated to interact with a dog. “It’s important for people to understand that no matter how much we love our dogs, you can’t assume that everyone around you has the same feeling. And you certainly can’t assume that everyone around you is comfortable with dogs,” said Andrea Arden, a New York City dog trainer who has heard of unleashed dogs running into elevators without their owners.

Your landlord could send the offending tenants notices to start eviction proceedings. Write the landlord a letter explaining that the unleashed dogs pose a real safety risk. Point out that if the dogs injured someone, management could be negligent for failing to correct a hazard. In a future lawsuit, “if the parties can show that the landlord had notice and did nothing, that makes for a good personal injury claim,” Ms. Rozen said.

If a letter doesn’t get your landlord’s attention, threatening not to pay rent certainly will. It’s “the most powerful tool you have as a tenant,” Ms. Rozen said. It might be enough to persuade management to take the issue seriously.

(Fragment adapted from The New York Times.)

2) ARE THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? INDICATE THE LINES THAT SUPPORT YOUR ANSWER (1 POINT).

1.

Dogs in New York must be unleashed in public spaces at all times.

FALSE

TRUE

2.

Andrea Arden says that people can’t assume that everyone around you is comfortable with dogs.

TRUE

FALSE

OPTION A

MY NEIGHBORS WON'T LEASH THEIR DOGS. WHAT CAN I DO?

Allowing unleashed dogs in common areas of residential buildings is against the law. I live in an apartment in a large Manhattan building. Two neighbors do not leash their dogs in the common areas — the hallways, lobby and elevators. One of them lives next door to me. Our manager has spoken to them about this several times. I don’t like dogs coming up to me or jumping on me. What are my options to force these people to leash their dogs?

Dogs in New York City must be leashed in public spaces, so your neighbors are violating city laws. You are entitled to walk through your building without being bothered by someone else’s pet. “The bottom line is that a landlord must ensure that all tenants are safe and comfortable in their homes,” said Jennifer Rozen, a Manhattan lawyer who represents tenants.

Leash laws make sense. A dog does not need to be violent or aggressive to injure someone. But even if you’re not endangered, you’re not obligated to interact with a dog. “It’s important for people to understand that no matter how much we love our dogs, you can’t assume that everyone around you has the same feeling. And you certainly can’t assume that everyone around you is comfortable with dogs,” said Andrea Arden, a New York City dog trainer who has heard of unleashed dogs running into elevators without their owners.

Your landlord could send the offending tenants notices to start eviction proceedings. Write the landlord a letter explaining that the unleashed dogs pose a real safety risk. Point out that if the dogs injured someone, management could be negligent for failing to correct a hazard. In a future lawsuit, “if the parties can show that the landlord had notice and did nothing, that makes for a good personal injury claim,” Ms. Rozen said.

If a letter doesn’t get your landlord’s attention, threatening not to pay rent certainly will. It’s “the most powerful tool you have as a tenant,” Ms. Rozen said. It might be enough to persuade management to take the issue seriously.

(Fragment adapted from The New York Times.)

3) CHOOSE a OR b, ONLY ONE CHOICE IS CORRECT ACCORDING TO THE TEXT (1 POINT).

OPTION A

MY NEIGHBORS WON'T LEASH THEIR DOGS. WHAT CAN I DO?

Allowing unleashed dogs in common areas of residential buildings is against the law. I live in an apartment in a large Manhattan building. Two neighbors do not leash their dogs in the common areas — the hallways, lobby and elevators. One of them lives next door to me. Our manager has spoken to them about this several times. I don’t like dogs coming up to me or jumping on me. What are my options to force these people to leash their dogs?

Dogs in New York City must be leashed in public spaces, so your neighbors are violating city laws. You are entitled to walk through your building without being bothered by someone else’s pet. “The bottom line is that a landlord must ensure that all tenants are safe and comfortable in their homes,” said Jennifer Rozen, a Manhattan lawyer who represents tenants.

Leash laws make sense. A dog does not need to be violent or aggressive to injure someone. But even if you’re not endangered, you’re not obligated to interact with a dog. “It’s important for people to understand that no matter how much we love our dogs, you can’t assume that everyone around you has the same feeling. And you certainly can’t assume that everyone around you is comfortable with dogs,” said Andrea Arden, a New York City dog trainer who has heard of unleashed dogs running into elevators without their owners.

Your landlord could send the offending tenants notices to start eviction proceedings. Write the landlord a letter explaining that the unleashed dogs pose a real safety risk. Point out that if the dogs injured someone, management could be negligent for failing to correct a hazard. In a future lawsuit, “if the parties can show that the landlord had notice and did nothing, that makes for a good personal injury claim,” Ms. Rozen said.

If a letter doesn’t get your landlord’s attention, threatening not to pay rent certainly will. It’s “the most powerful tool you have as a tenant,” Ms. Rozen said. It might be enough to persuade management to take the issue seriously.

(Fragment adapted from The New York Times.)

4) VOCABULARY (2 POINTS).

4.1

Choose one of the options below and find one word in the text for its definition (0.6 POINTS):

4.2

Find a synonym in the text for one of the two words below (0.6 POINTS):

4.3

For one of the following words from the text, give a synonym that fits the meaning of the text (0.8 POINTS):

5) WRITE ABOUT THE FOLLOWING TOPIC USING BETWEEN 120-150 WORDS (4 POINTS).

What do you think children can learn from having pets?

OPTION B

SOCCER STAR SAYS HIS FAMILY STOPPED FROM LEAVING IRAN FOR SUPPORTING PROTESTS

Ali Daei, a prominent former soccer player in Iran who has expressed support for anti-government

protests said his wife and daughter had departed from the capital, Tehran, legally before the flight made an

unannounced stop on Kish Island in the Persian Gulf, where they were questioned by Iranian authorities.

He said his daughter had been released but the doors to the flight were closed by then. He said his family

5 had planned to travel to Dubai and return next week.

The flight-tracking website Flightradar24 showed Mahan Air Flight W563 being diverted to Kish

Island, part of Iran, before traveling to Dubai a couple hours later. The semiofficial Tasnim news agency,

believed to be close to the Revolutionary Guards, said a travel ban had been imposed on Mr. Daei’s wife

earlier this month because of her support for the protests. It said she had tried to illegally evade the ban,

10 and that her final destination was the United States.

Mr. Daei is one of several Iranian celebrities who have come out in support of the protests, which

were provoked by the death of 22-year-old Mahsa Amini in September. The Kurdish woman died after

being arrested by Iran’s morality police in Tehran for allegedly violating the country’s strict dress code for

women. The protests rapidly spread across the country and escalated into calls for the overthrow of the

15 theocracy established after the 1979 revolution, making it one of the biggest challenges to clerical rule in

over four decades.

At least 507 protesters have been killed and more than 18,500 people have been arrested, according

to Human Rights Activists in Iran, a group that has closely monitored the unrest. Iranian authorities have

not released figures for those killed or arrested. Iran has also executed some protesters, including a 23-year-

20 old man who was publicly hanged earlier this month. Before his passport was confiscated, Mr. Daei had

urged the government on social media to “solve the problems of the Iranian people rather than using

repression, violence and arrests.” (Fragment adapted from The New York Times.)

1) BRIEFLY ANSWER ONLY 4 OUT OF THE FOLLOWING 6 QUESTIONS WITH ONLY THE DATA REQUIRED (NOT A WHOLE SENTENCE) [2 POINTS; 0.5 POINTS EACH].

Responde a 4 de las 6 preguntas (si respondes más, se calificarán las 4 primeras contestadas).

1.

Who is Ali Daei?

2.

Where did Daei's family plan to travel to?

3.

Who arrested Mahsa Amini?

4.

When was the Iran theocracy established?

5.

How many people have at least been killed according to Human Rights Activists in Iran?

6.

How old was the man that Iran hanged?

OPTION B

SOCCER STAR SAYS HIS FAMILY STOPPED FROM LEAVING IRAN FOR SUPPORTING PROTESTS

Ali Daei, a prominent former soccer player in Iran who has expressed support for anti-government

protests said his wife and daughter had departed from the capital, Tehran, legally before the flight made an

unannounced stop on Kish Island in the Persian Gulf, where they were questioned by Iranian authorities.

He said his daughter had been released but the doors to the flight were closed by then. He said his family

5 had planned to travel to Dubai and return next week.

The flight-tracking website Flightradar24 showed Mahan Air Flight W563 being diverted to Kish

Island, part of Iran, before traveling to Dubai a couple hours later. The semiofficial Tasnim news agency,

believed to be close to the Revolutionary Guards, said a travel ban had been imposed on Mr. Daei’s wife

earlier this month because of her support for the protests. It said she had tried to illegally evade the ban,

10 and that her final destination was the United States.

Mr. Daei is one of several Iranian celebrities who have come out in support of the protests, which

were provoked by the death of 22-year-old Mahsa Amini in September. The Kurdish woman died after

being arrested by Iran’s morality police in Tehran for allegedly violating the country’s strict dress code for

women. The protests rapidly spread across the country and escalated into calls for the overthrow of the

15 theocracy established after the 1979 revolution, making it one of the biggest challenges to clerical rule in

over four decades.

At least 507 protesters have been killed and more than 18,500 people have been arrested, according

to Human Rights Activists in Iran, a group that has closely monitored the unrest. Iranian authorities have

not released figures for those killed or arrested. Iran has also executed some protesters, including a 23-year-

20 old man who was publicly hanged earlier this month. Before his passport was confiscated, Mr. Daei had

urged the government on social media to “solve the problems of the Iranian people rather than using

repression, violence and arrests.” (Fragment adapted from The New York Times.)

2) ARE THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? INDICATE THE LINES THAT SUPPORT YOUR ANSWER (1 POINT).

1.

Ali Daei said that his family had never planned to travel to Dubai.

TRUE

FALSE

2.

Mr. Daei urged the government to “solve the problems of the Iranian people.”

TRUE

FALSE

OPTION B

SOCCER STAR SAYS HIS FAMILY STOPPED FROM LEAVING IRAN FOR SUPPORTING PROTESTS

Ali Daei, a prominent former soccer player in Iran who has expressed support for anti-government

protests said his wife and daughter had departed from the capital, Tehran, legally before the flight made an

unannounced stop on Kish Island in the Persian Gulf, where they were questioned by Iranian authorities.

He said his daughter had been released but the doors to the flight were closed by then. He said his family

5 had planned to travel to Dubai and return next week.

The flight-tracking website Flightradar24 showed Mahan Air Flight W563 being diverted to Kish

Island, part of Iran, before traveling to Dubai a couple hours later. The semiofficial Tasnim news agency,

believed to be close to the Revolutionary Guards, said a travel ban had been imposed on Mr. Daei’s wife

earlier this month because of her support for the protests. It said she had tried to illegally evade the ban,

10 and that her final destination was the United States.

Mr. Daei is one of several Iranian celebrities who have come out in support of the protests, which

were provoked by the death of 22-year-old Mahsa Amini in September. The Kurdish woman died after

being arrested by Iran’s morality police in Tehran for allegedly violating the country’s strict dress code for

women. The protests rapidly spread across the country and escalated into calls for the overthrow of the

15 theocracy established after the 1979 revolution, making it one of the biggest challenges to clerical rule in

over four decades.

At least 507 protesters have been killed and more than 18,500 people have been arrested, according

to Human Rights Activists in Iran, a group that has closely monitored the unrest. Iranian authorities have

not released figures for those killed or arrested. Iran has also executed some protesters, including a 23-year-

20 old man who was publicly hanged earlier this month. Before his passport was confiscated, Mr. Daei had

urged the government on social media to “solve the problems of the Iranian people rather than using

repression, violence and arrests.” (Fragment adapted from The New York Times.)

3) CHOOSE a OR b, ONLY ONE CHOICE IS CORRECT ACCORDING TO THE TEXT (1 POINT).

OPTION B

SOCCER STAR SAYS HIS FAMILY STOPPED FROM LEAVING IRAN FOR SUPPORTING PROTESTS

Ali Daei, a prominent former soccer player in Iran who has expressed support for anti-government

protests said his wife and daughter had departed from the capital, Tehran, legally before the flight made an

unannounced stop on Kish Island in the Persian Gulf, where they were questioned by Iranian authorities.

He said his daughter had been released but the doors to the flight were closed by then. He said his family

5 had planned to travel to Dubai and return next week.

The flight-tracking website Flightradar24 showed Mahan Air Flight W563 being diverted to Kish

Island, part of Iran, before traveling to Dubai a couple hours later. The semiofficial Tasnim news agency,

believed to be close to the Revolutionary Guards, said a travel ban had been imposed on Mr. Daei’s wife

earlier this month because of her support for the protests. It said she had tried to illegally evade the ban,

10 and that her final destination was the United States.

Mr. Daei is one of several Iranian celebrities who have come out in support of the protests, which

were provoked by the death of 22-year-old Mahsa Amini in September. The Kurdish woman died after

being arrested by Iran’s morality police in Tehran for allegedly violating the country’s strict dress code for

women. The protests rapidly spread across the country and escalated into calls for the overthrow of the

15 theocracy established after the 1979 revolution, making it one of the biggest challenges to clerical rule in

over four decades.

At least 507 protesters have been killed and more than 18,500 people have been arrested, according

to Human Rights Activists in Iran, a group that has closely monitored the unrest. Iranian authorities have

not released figures for those killed or arrested. Iran has also executed some protesters, including a 23-year-

20 old man who was publicly hanged earlier this month. Before his passport was confiscated, Mr. Daei had

urged the government on social media to “solve the problems of the Iranian people rather than using

repression, violence and arrests.” (Fragment adapted from The New York Times.)

4) VOCABULARY (2 POINTS).

4.1

Choose one of the options below and find one word in the text for its definition (0.6 POINTS):

a) A system of government in which priests rule in the name of God or a god.

b) A state of dissatisfaction, disturbance, and agitation in a group of people, typically involving public demonstrations.

4.2

Find a synonym in the text for one of the two words below (0.6 POINTS):

a) football

b) elude

4.3

For one of the following words from the text, give a synonym that fits the meaning of the text (0.8 POINTS):

a) challenges (line 15)

b) figures (line 19)

5) WRITE ABOUT THE FOLLOWING TOPIC USING BETWEEN 120-150 WORDS (4 POINTS).

Is it fair that some footballers earn much more money than other sports people? Justify your answer.

Write an essay between 120 and 150 words justifying your opinion.