Examen de Inglés PAU Castilla y León 2021 · Ordinaria (Fase Mejora de Nota)

OPTION A

FOOD POVERTY

Food poverty afflicts people the world over, even in more affluent nations. "There are more and more younger people who cry with relief because they can get something to eat and refill their fridge," said Jochen Brühl, chairman of Tafel Deutschland, Germany's food bank group. "Even though the federal government has initiated quick and unbureaucratic help," he added, "some people are in a tragic situation."

In the UK, food poverty has moved to the front of the social and political agenda in large part thanks to Manchester United Marcus Rashford, "ambassador" for FareShare, the UK's longest-running food redistribution charity that feeds more than 930,000 people each week, two-thirds of whom are children and vulnerable families.

"Marcus Rashford's campaign really put food poverty in people's minds, and we've seen a lot of people giving to food banks," says Charities Aid Foundation's Mark Greer of Rashford's efforts. "He's a really powerful messenger, and people have thought about these issues in ways that they perhaps hadn't before. To hear a very wealthy young man talk in such stark terms about his own upbringing and how his family didn't have enough food to put on the table has made a huge difference."

Rashford has not only raised awareness of child hunger but has also helped to drive a fundraising initiative that paid for children and families who might otherwise have gone hungry. He has also launched the Child Food Poverty Taskforce, a group of around 12 organisations to support the UK government's National Food Strategy.

In the US, Amazon CEO Jeff Bezos promised to donate $100m to Feeding America, a nonprofit that has 200 food banks across the United States, and which launched the Response Fund, a national food and fundraising effort to support national food banks. "Even in ordinary times, food insecurity in American households is an important problem", Bezos said on Instagram.

But the huge increase in demand for food banks came in parallel with restrictions on grocery shopping and limitations on the handling of food. As a result, food banks have had to accept food donations in cash.

(Fragment adapted from The Financial Times.)

1) BRIEFLY ANSWER ONLY 4 OUT OF THE FOLLOWING 6 QUESTIONS WITH ONLY THE DATA REQUIRED (NOT A WHOLE SENTENCE) (2 POINTS; 0.5 POINTS EACH).

1.

Who are the people fed by FareShare?

2.

In the phrase He's a really powerful messenger (lines 10-11), the word 'he' refers to...

3.

Has Marcus Rashford always been a wealthy young man?

4.

Why has Marcus Rashford launched the Child Food Poverty Taskforce?

5.

In the phrase which launched the Respond Fund (line 19), the word 'which' refers to...

6.

Which was the decision taken for the restrictions on grocery shopping and limitations on the handling of food?

OPTION A

FOOD POVERTY

Food poverty afflicts people the world over, even in more affluent nations. "There are more and more younger people who cry with relief because they can get something to eat and refill their fridge," said Jochen Brühl, chairman of Tafel Deutschland, Germany's food bank group. "Even though the federal government has initiated quick and unbureaucratic help," he added, "some people are in a tragic situation."

In the UK, food poverty has moved to the front of the social and political agenda in large part thanks to Manchester United Marcus Rashford, "ambassador" for FareShare, the UK's longest-running food redistribution charity that feeds more than 930,000 people each week, two-thirds of whom are children and vulnerable families.

"Marcus Rashford's campaign really put food poverty in people's minds, and we've seen a lot of people giving to food banks," says Charities Aid Foundation's Mark Greer of Rashford's efforts. "He's a really powerful messenger, and people have thought about these issues in ways that they perhaps hadn't before. To hear a very wealthy young man talk in such stark terms about his own upbringing and how his family didn't have enough food to put on the table has made a huge difference."

Rashford has not only raised awareness of child hunger but has also helped to drive a fundraising initiative that paid for children and families who might otherwise have gone hungry. He has also launched the Child Food Poverty Taskforce, a group of around 12 organisations to support the UK government's National Food Strategy.

In the US, Amazon CEO Jeff Bezos promised to donate $100m to Feeding America, a nonprofit that has 200 food banks across the United States, and which launched the Response Fund, a national food and fundraising effort to support national food banks. "Even in ordinary times, food insecurity in American households is an important problem", Bezos said on Instagram.

But the huge increase in demand for food banks came in parallel with restrictions on grocery shopping and limitations on the handling of food. As a result, food banks have had to accept food donations in cash.

(Fragment adapted from The Financial Times.)

2) ARE THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? INDICATE THE LINES THAT SUPPORT YOUR ANSWER (1 POINT).

1.

Only third world countries are devastated by the famine.

TRUE

FALSE

2.

Almost a million people are fed by FareShare each week.

TRUE

FALSE

OPTION A

FOOD POVERTY

Food poverty afflicts people the world over, even in more affluent nations. "There are more and more younger people who cry with relief because they can get something to eat and refill their fridge," said Jochen Brühl, chairman of Tafel Deutschland, Germany's food bank group. "Even though the federal government has initiated quick and unbureaucratic help," he added, "some people are in a tragic situation."

In the UK, food poverty has moved to the front of the social and political agenda in large part thanks to Manchester United Marcus Rashford, "ambassador" for FareShare, the UK's longest-running food redistribution charity that feeds more than 930,000 people each week, two-thirds of whom are children and vulnerable families.

"Marcus Rashford's campaign really put food poverty in people's minds, and we've seen a lot of people giving to food banks," says Charities Aid Foundation's Mark Greer of Rashford's efforts. "He's a really powerful messenger, and people have thought about these issues in ways that they perhaps hadn't before. To hear a very wealthy young man talk in such stark terms about his own upbringing and how his family didn't have enough food to put on the table has made a huge difference."

Rashford has not only raised awareness of child hunger but has also helped to drive a fundraising initiative that paid for children and families who might otherwise have gone hungry. He has also launched the Child Food Poverty Taskforce, a group of around 12 organisations to support the UK government's National Food Strategy.

In the US, Amazon CEO Jeff Bezos promised to donate $100m to Feeding America, a nonprofit that has 200 food banks across the United States, and which launched the Response Fund, a national food and fundraising effort to support national food banks. "Even in ordinary times, food insecurity in American households is an important problem", Bezos said on Instagram.

But the huge increase in demand for food banks came in parallel with restrictions on grocery shopping and limitations on the handling of food. As a result, food banks have had to accept food donations in cash.

(Fragment adapted from The Financial Times.)

3) CHOOSE a OR b, ONLY ONE CHOICE IS CORRECT ACCORDING TO THE TEXT (1 POINT).

a

Manchester United forward, Marcus Rashford, has become an ambassador for FareShare.

b

In normal times food shortage in American families is unlikely.

OPTION A

FOOD POVERTY

Food poverty afflicts people the world over, even in more affluent nations. "There are more and more younger people who cry with relief because they can get something to eat and refill their fridge," said Jochen Brühl, chairman of Tafel Deutschland, Germany's food bank group. "Even though the federal government has initiated quick and unbureaucratic help," he added, "some people are in a tragic situation."

In the UK, food poverty has moved to the front of the social and political agenda in large part thanks to Manchester United Marcus Rashford, "ambassador" for FareShare, the UK's longest-running food redistribution charity that feeds more than 930,000 people each week, two-thirds of whom are children and vulnerable families.

"Marcus Rashford's campaign really put food poverty in people's minds, and we've seen a lot of people giving to food banks," says Charities Aid Foundation's Mark Greer of Rashford's efforts. "He's a really powerful messenger, and people have thought about these issues in ways that they perhaps hadn't before. To hear a very wealthy young man talk in such stark terms about his own upbringing and how his family didn't have enough food to put on the table has made a huge difference."

Rashford has not only raised awareness of child hunger but has also helped to drive a fundraising initiative that paid for children and families who might otherwise have gone hungry. He has also launched the Child Food Poverty Taskforce, a group of around 12 organisations to support the UK government's National Food Strategy.

In the US, Amazon CEO Jeff Bezos promised to donate $100m to Feeding America, a nonprofit that has 200 food banks across the United States, and which launched the Response Fund, a national food and fundraising effort to support national food banks. "Even in ordinary times, food insecurity in American households is an important problem", Bezos said on Instagram.

But the huge increase in demand for food banks came in parallel with restrictions on grocery shopping and limitations on the handling of food. As a result, food banks have had to accept food donations in cash.

(Fragment adapted from The Financial Times.)

4) VOCABULARY (2 POINTS).

4.1

Choose one of the options below and find one word in the text for its definition (0.6 POINTS):

4.2

Find a synonym in the text for one of the two words below (0.6 POINTS):

4.3

For one of the following words from the text, give a synonym that fits the meaning of the text (0.8 POINTS):

5) WRITE ABOUT THE FOLLOWING TOPIC USING BETWEEN 120-150 WORDS (4 POINTS).

What could you do to deal with food poverty in the world?

OPTION B

PHOTOGRAPHING LIFE AS IT'S SEEN, NOT STAGED

Documentary photography, which fell out of favor with the rise of manipulated images, is making

a comeback, on view at the International Center of Photography.

According to legend, when the Roman Catholic Church forced Galileo to renounce his astronomical

proof that the earth revolves around the sun, he muttered, “But still, it turns.” For a group show at the ICP,

5 the photographer Paul Graham thought that would make an apt title. “He meant, ‘My observations of the

world still matter.’”

In recent years, documentary photography has fallen out of fashion. The critical arbiters in museums

and galleries favor pictures that are constructed in a studio, lifted off a computer screen, generated through

digital manipulation — anything other than shot outside the photographer’s door. But, as Graham says,

10 “The world matters — this is the core of photography, engaging with life.”

Although the photographs in the show were taken before the pandemic, they are being seen together

about a year after lockdowns began. “The name of the show took a different layer of meaning after Covid,”

Graham said. “The world goes on. When you look back at these pictures made pre-Covid, you realize, I

had it so good, the freedom to roam around and touch strangers, the ability to go into people’s houses. It

15 makes you realize, as photography can, the effortless beauty or unspoken flow that life has.”

The pictures were made by seven photographers. The American documentary tradition they are

revitalizing is not the politically charged movement of the 1930s, which exposed the hardships and

injustices in the country at that time, but the version that took hold among the leading street photographers

of the ’60s, and which the MOMA photography director John Szarkowski termed “New Documents.” As

20 Szarkowski wrote in the introduction to that 1967 show, “Their aim has been not to reform life but to know

it, not to persuade but to understand.”

More important, though, is what they share: a commitment to portray life as they discover it in the

world at large, without staging or manipulation; and by so doing, to find and express themselves. (Fragment

adapted from The New York Times.)

1) BRIEFLY ANSWER ONLY 4 OUT OF THE FOLLOWING 6 QUESTIONS WITH ONLY THE DATA REQUIRED (NOT A WHOLE SENTENCE) (2 POINTS; 0.5 POINTS EACH).

1.

What's on view at the ICP?

2.

In the sentence But still, it turns (line 4), what does 'it' refer to?

3.

Do critical arbiters and galleries favor manipulated pictures?

4.

How many photographers make up the current exhibition at the ICP?

5.

Who was Mr. Szarkowski?

6.

What are these photographers committed to?

OPTION B

PHOTOGRAPHING LIFE AS IT'S SEEN, NOT STAGED

Documentary photography, which fell out of favor with the rise of manipulated images, is making

a comeback, on view at the International Center of Photography.

According to legend, when the Roman Catholic Church forced Galileo to renounce his astronomical

proof that the earth revolves around the sun, he muttered, “But still, it turns.” For a group show at the ICP,

5 the photographer Paul Graham thought that would make an apt title. “He meant, ‘My observations of the

world still matter.’”

In recent years, documentary photography has fallen out of fashion. The critical arbiters in museums

and galleries favor pictures that are constructed in a studio, lifted off a computer screen, generated through

digital manipulation — anything other than shot outside the photographer’s door. But, as Graham says,

10 “The world matters — this is the core of photography, engaging with life.”

Although the photographs in the show were taken before the pandemic, they are being seen together

about a year after lockdowns began. “The name of the show took a different layer of meaning after Covid,”

Graham said. “The world goes on. When you look back at these pictures made pre-Covid, you realize, I

had it so good, the freedom to roam around and touch strangers, the ability to go into people’s houses. It

15 makes you realize, as photography can, the effortless beauty or unspoken flow that life has.”

The pictures were made by seven photographers. The American documentary tradition they are

revitalizing is not the politically charged movement of the 1930s, which exposed the hardships and

injustices in the country at that time, but the version that took hold among the leading street photographers

of the ’60s, and which the MOMA photography director John Szarkowski termed “New Documents.” As

20 Szarkowski wrote in the introduction to that 1967 show, “Their aim has been not to reform life but to know

it, not to persuade but to understand.”

More important, though, is what they share: a commitment to portray life as they discover it in the

world at large, without staging or manipulation; and by so doing, to find and express themselves. (Fragment

adapted from The New York Times.)

2) ARE THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? INDICATE THE LINES THAT SUPPORT YOUR ANSWER (1 POINT).

1.

Documentary photography has a lot to do with the manipulation of images.

TRUE

FALSE

2.

Most of the photographs in the show were taken after the pandemic.

TRUE

FALSE

OPTION B

PHOTOGRAPHING LIFE AS IT'S SEEN, NOT STAGED

Documentary photography, which fell out of favor with the rise of manipulated images, is making

a comeback, on view at the International Center of Photography.

According to legend, when the Roman Catholic Church forced Galileo to renounce his astronomical

proof that the earth revolves around the sun, he muttered, “But still, it turns.” For a group show at the ICP,

5 the photographer Paul Graham thought that would make an apt title. “He meant, ‘My observations of the

world still matter.’”

In recent years, documentary photography has fallen out of fashion. The critical arbiters in museums

and galleries favor pictures that are constructed in a studio, lifted off a computer screen, generated through

digital manipulation — anything other than shot outside the photographer’s door. But, as Graham says,

10 “The world matters — this is the core of photography, engaging with life.”

Although the photographs in the show were taken before the pandemic, they are being seen together

about a year after lockdowns began. “The name of the show took a different layer of meaning after Covid,”

Graham said. “The world goes on. When you look back at these pictures made pre-Covid, you realize, I

had it so good, the freedom to roam around and touch strangers, the ability to go into people’s houses. It

15 makes you realize, as photography can, the effortless beauty or unspoken flow that life has.”

The pictures were made by seven photographers. The American documentary tradition they are

revitalizing is not the politically charged movement of the 1930s, which exposed the hardships and

injustices in the country at that time, but the version that took hold among the leading street photographers

of the ’60s, and which the MOMA photography director John Szarkowski termed “New Documents.” As

20 Szarkowski wrote in the introduction to that 1967 show, “Their aim has been not to reform life but to know

it, not to persuade but to understand.”

More important, though, is what they share: a commitment to portray life as they discover it in the

world at large, without staging or manipulation; and by so doing, to find and express themselves. (Fragment

adapted from The New York Times.)

3) CHOOSE a OR b, ONLY ONE CHOICE IS CORRECT ACCORDING TO THE TEXT (1 POINT).

a

Before the pandemic, you could not walk around the street and touch strangers.

b

The photographs in the show are committed to portray life as it is in the world at large.

OPTION B

PHOTOGRAPHING LIFE AS IT'S SEEN, NOT STAGED

Documentary photography, which fell out of favor with the rise of manipulated images, is making

a comeback, on view at the International Center of Photography.

According to legend, when the Roman Catholic Church forced Galileo to renounce his astronomical

proof that the earth revolves around the sun, he muttered, “But still, it turns.” For a group show at the ICP,

5 the photographer Paul Graham thought that would make an apt title. “He meant, ‘My observations of the

world still matter.’”

In recent years, documentary photography has fallen out of fashion. The critical arbiters in museums

and galleries favor pictures that are constructed in a studio, lifted off a computer screen, generated through

digital manipulation — anything other than shot outside the photographer’s door. But, as Graham says,

10 “The world matters — this is the core of photography, engaging with life.”

Although the photographs in the show were taken before the pandemic, they are being seen together

about a year after lockdowns began. “The name of the show took a different layer of meaning after Covid,”

Graham said. “The world goes on. When you look back at these pictures made pre-Covid, you realize, I

had it so good, the freedom to roam around and touch strangers, the ability to go into people’s houses. It

15 makes you realize, as photography can, the effortless beauty or unspoken flow that life has.”

The pictures were made by seven photographers. The American documentary tradition they are

revitalizing is not the politically charged movement of the 1930s, which exposed the hardships and

injustices in the country at that time, but the version that took hold among the leading street photographers

of the ’60s, and which the MOMA photography director John Szarkowski termed “New Documents.” As

20 Szarkowski wrote in the introduction to that 1967 show, “Their aim has been not to reform life but to know

it, not to persuade but to understand.”

More important, though, is what they share: a commitment to portray life as they discover it in the

world at large, without staging or manipulation; and by so doing, to find and express themselves. (Fragment

adapted from The New York Times.)

4) VOCABULARY (2 POINTS).

4.1

Choose one of the options below and find one word in the text for its definition (0.6 POINTS):

4.2

Find a synonym in the text for one of the two words below (0.6 POINTS):

4.3

For one of the following words from the text, give a synonym that fits the meaning of the text (0.8 POINTS):

5) WRITE ABOUT THE FOLLOWING TOPIC USING BETWEEN 120-150 WORDS (4 POINTS).

Do you think that the manipulation of images in the social networks or in the media is ever justified? Why or why not?