Examen de Inglés PAU Castilla-La Mancha 2021 · Ordinaria (Humanidades, CC.SS. y Artes)

TEXT 1

HOW TO BE ECO-FRIENDLY IN EVERYDAY LIFE

We've been hearing so much about climate change recently, and the facts don't look good. The evidence shows that, thanks to human activity, global temperatures are rising at a level which isn't sustainable for the environment to be able to survive.

It might be the middle of a pandemic, but almost two thirds of people around the world see climate change as a global emergency, according to the largest opinion survey ever done on the issue. The UN research - which included over half a million 14- to 18-year-olds- suggested people were in favour of policy decisions around renewable power and sustainable jobs. But on an everyday level, what can we actually do? How can we make a difference when it seems like everything has a bad impact on the climate?

The first tip is that we should try to reduce waste related to packaging. "There are zero-waste shops where you buy unpackaged food. But you can also go to the supermarket, and make better choices by buying unpackaged fruit and vegetables, or opting for cans and cardboard that are widely recycled instead of plastic. So there are better choices that you can make in regular shops.", says Shia Su, an environmentalist blogger.

Her second tip - shared by most of the bloggers we spoke to - is about turning your good intentions into good habits. “Do whatever you can, and after a while it will become a habit,” Shia says. Eating locally is one of these habits: "If you eat bananas that have been shipped from Colombia, that's not as sustainable as if you eat apples grown in Kent. If you support your local farmers' market, you're also supporting a type of agriculture which tends to be kind to the Earth and if you support your local agriculture market, you're avoiding the use of a massive amount of energy to bring the bananas to UK and the harms that this use produces in environment."

And the third tip that all our bloggers share is probably the one which involves the biggest change. It's about living a minimal lifestyle - cutting out needless buys. "Living a sustainable lifestyle is about consuming less in general," Shia says. "I only buy a new piece of clothing if another one needs replacing."

Adapted from https://www.bbc.com

TEXT 1. QUESTIONS

1. READING COMPREHENSION. (2 POINTS) (0.5 points for each correct answer). Add TRUE or FALSE and copy the evidence from the text to support your answer. No marks are given for only TRUE or FALSE. No marks are given for T or F.

1.

According to a recent poll, most people consider climate change a worldwide problem.

TRUE

FALSE

2.

If you buy in a supermarket, there isn’t anything you can do to help the environment.

TRUE

FALSE

3.

By consuming local products, you are avoiding the damage on environment.

TRUE

FALSE

4.

Shia buys new clothes when the old ones become old-fashioned.

TRUE

FALSE

TEXT 1

HOW TO BE ECO-FRIENDLY IN EVERYDAY LIFE

We've been hearing so much about climate change recently, and the facts don't look good. The evidence shows that, thanks to human activity, global temperatures are rising at a level which isn't sustainable for the environment to be able to survive.

It might be the middle of a pandemic, but almost two thirds of people around the world see climate change as a global emergency, according to the largest opinion survey ever done on the issue. The UN research - which included over half a million 14- to 18-year-olds- suggested people were in favour of policy decisions around renewable power and sustainable jobs. But on an everyday level, what can we actually do? How can we make a difference when it seems like everything has a bad impact on the climate?

The first tip is that we should try to reduce waste related to packaging. "There are zero-waste shops where you buy unpackaged food. But you can also go to the supermarket, and make better choices by buying unpackaged fruit and vegetables, or opting for cans and cardboard that are widely recycled instead of plastic. So there are better choices that you can make in regular shops.", says Shia Su, an environmentalist blogger.

Her second tip - shared by most of the bloggers we spoke to - is about turning your good intentions into good habits. “Do whatever you can, and after a while it will become a habit,” Shia says. Eating locally is one of these habits: "If you eat bananas that have been shipped from Colombia, that's not as sustainable as if you eat apples grown in Kent. If you support your local farmers' market, you're also supporting a type of agriculture which tends to be kind to the Earth and if you support your local agriculture market, you're avoiding the use of a massive amount of energy to bring the bananas to UK and the harms that this use produces in environment."

And the third tip that all our bloggers share is probably the one which involves the biggest change. It's about living a minimal lifestyle - cutting out needless buys. "Living a sustainable lifestyle is about consuming less in general," Shia says. "I only buy a new piece of clothing if another one needs replacing."

Adapted from https://www.bbc.com

TEXT 1. LEXICON / PHONETICS

A. LEXICON. (1 POINT) (0.25 points for each correct answer)

Find words or phrases in the text that mean the same as these given.

1.

2.

3.

4.

TEXT 1

HOW TO BE ECO-FRIENDLY IN EVERYDAY LIFE

We've been hearing so much about climate change recently, and the facts don't look good. The evidence shows that, thanks to human activity, global temperatures are rising at a level which isn't sustainable for the environment to be able to survive.

It might be the middle of a pandemic, but almost two thirds of people around the world see climate change as a global emergency, according to the largest opinion survey ever done on the issue. The UN research - which included over half a million 14- to 18-year-olds- suggested people were in favour of policy decisions around renewable power and sustainable jobs. But on an everyday level, what can we actually do? How can we make a difference when it seems like everything has a bad impact on the climate?

The first tip is that we should try to reduce waste related to packaging. "There are zero-waste shops where you buy unpackaged food. But you can also go to the supermarket, and make better choices by buying unpackaged fruit and vegetables, or opting for cans and cardboard that are widely recycled instead of plastic. So there are better choices that you can make in regular shops.", says Shia Su, an environmentalist blogger.

Her second tip - shared by most of the bloggers we spoke to - is about turning your good intentions into good habits. “Do whatever you can, and after a while it will become a habit,” Shia says. Eating locally is one of these habits: "If you eat bananas that have been shipped from Colombia, that's not as sustainable as if you eat apples grown in Kent. If you support your local farmers' market, you're also supporting a type of agriculture which tends to be kind to the Earth and if you support your local agriculture market, you're avoiding the use of a massive amount of energy to bring the bananas to UK and the harms that this use produces in environment."

And the third tip that all our bloggers share is probably the one which involves the biggest change. It's about living a minimal lifestyle - cutting out needless buys. "Living a sustainable lifestyle is about consuming less in general," Shia says. "I only buy a new piece of clothing if another one needs replacing."

Adapted from https://www.bbc.com

TEXT 1. LEXICON / PHONETICS

B. PHONETICS. (1 POINT) (0.25 points for each correct answer)

1.

Is the final “-ed” pronounced /t/, /d/ or /ɪd/ in “shared”?

2.

How is the “-ir” pronounced in “third”, /ɪ/, /ɜː/ or /iː/?

3.

Is the final “-s” pronounced /s/, /z/ or /ɪz/ in “choices”?

4.

TEXT 2. QUESTIONS

TEXT 2

IN ISOLATING TIMES, CAN ROBO-PETS PROVIDE COMFORT?

As seniors in nursing homes find themselves far from their families during the pandemic, some are turning to automated animals for company. When Linda Spangler asked her mother, in a video chat, what she would like as gift for her 92nd birthday, the response came immediately. “I’d like a dog,” Charlene Spangler said. Her daughter, a doctor, considered the request. Before visitors were forbidden in the nursing home because of the Covid-19 pandemic, Dr. Spangler had seen her mother every day, often taking her to Lake Merritt in her wheelchair to see the ducks and the passing dogs.

In her nursing home, Charlene Spangler had eaten meals with several other residents, joined art classes and listened to visiting musicians, but now, activities and communal meals have vanished. Apart from one quick visit in the lobby, she has not seen her daughter in person in six months; they communicate through 15-minute video calls when staff members can arrange them.

“She’s more isolated in her room now,” Dr. Spangler said. “And she misses having a dog.” Knowing that her mother wasn’t able to look after a pet, even if the institution where she lives had permitted animals, Dr. Spangler looked online for the robotic pets she had heard about. She found a little robotic dog with sensors that allow it to make sounds and movements similar to the ones that a real dog would do. Unable to deliver the robot personally, Dr. Spangler asked a staff member to take it inside. Ten days later, in a video chat, she discovered that her mother had named the robot dog Dumbo.

The isolation caused by the coronavirus, not only in nursing homes, but also among old people living alone in their homes, has intensified interest in these products and increased sales. However, how the elderly will react is unpredictable. Some older people who had dementia and depression and had largely stopped eating started having meals at a fixed time because of the call of their robotic dogs, while others never feel attached to their electronic pets because they saw them only as devices.

As for Charlene Spangler, during a recent video chat she mentioned that her dog was barking and that she could feel its heartbeat. “It seems like there’s some interaction,” her daughter said. “So, for me it’s enough”

Adapted from http://nytimes.com

1. READING COMPREHENSION. (2 POINTS) (0.5 points for each correct answer). Add TRUE or FALSE and copy the evidence from the text to support your answer. No marks are given for only TRUE or FALSE. No marks are given for T or F.

1.

Dr. Spangler always stayed in the nursing home when she went to visit her mother.

TRUE

FALSE

2.

Dr. Spangler took the robot to the nursing home.

TRUE

FALSE

3.

Robotic pets have helped some old people to retake basic routines.

TRUE

FALSE

4.

Some people don't have any feelings towards the robotic pets because they only consider them as machines.

TRUE

FALSE

TEXT 2

IN ISOLATING TIMES, CAN ROBO-PETS PROVIDE COMFORT?

As seniors in nursing homes find themselves far from their families during the pandemic, some are turning to automated animals for company. When Linda Spangler asked her mother, in a video chat, what she would like as gift for her 92nd birthday, the response came immediately. “I’d like a dog,” Charlene Spangler said. Her daughter, a doctor, considered the request. Before visitors were forbidden in the nursing home because of the Covid-19 pandemic, Dr. Spangler had seen her mother every day, often taking her to Lake Merritt in her wheelchair to see the ducks and the passing dogs.

In her nursing home, Charlene Spangler had eaten meals with several other residents, joined art classes and listened to visiting musicians, but now, activities and communal meals have vanished. Apart from one quick visit in the lobby, she has not seen her daughter in person in six months; they communicate through 15-minute video calls when staff members can arrange them.

“She’s more isolated in her room now,” Dr. Spangler said. “And she misses having a dog.” Knowing that her mother wasn’t able to look after a pet, even if the institution where she lives had permitted animals, Dr. Spangler looked online for the robotic pets she had heard about. She found a little robotic dog with sensors that allow it to make sounds and movements similar to the ones that a real dog would do. Unable to deliver the robot personally, Dr. Spangler asked a staff member to take it inside. Ten days later, in a video chat, she discovered that her mother had named the robot dog Dumbo.

The isolation caused by the coronavirus, not only in nursing homes, but also among old people living alone in their homes, has intensified interest in these products and increased sales. However, how the elderly will react is unpredictable. Some older people who had dementia and depression and had largely stopped eating started having meals at a fixed time because of the call of their robotic dogs, while others never feel attached to their electronic pets because they saw them only as devices.

As for Charlene Spangler, during a recent video chat she mentioned that her dog was barking and that she could feel its heartbeat. “It seems like there’s some interaction,” her daughter said. “So, for me it’s enough”

Adapted from http://nytimes.com

TEXT 2 LEXICON / PHONETICS (2 POINTS)

A. LEXICON. (1 POINT) (0.25 points for each correct answer)

Find words or phrases in the text that mean the same as these given.

1.

2.

3.

4.

TEXT 2

IN ISOLATING TIMES, CAN ROBO-PETS PROVIDE COMFORT?

As seniors in nursing homes find themselves far from their families during the pandemic, some are turning to automated animals for company. When Linda Spangler asked her mother, in a video chat, what she would like as gift for her 92nd birthday, the response came immediately. “I’d like a dog,” Charlene Spangler said. Her daughter, a doctor, considered the request. Before visitors were forbidden in the nursing home because of the Covid-19 pandemic, Dr. Spangler had seen her mother every day, often taking her to Lake Merritt in her wheelchair to see the ducks and the passing dogs.

In her nursing home, Charlene Spangler had eaten meals with several other residents, joined art classes and listened to visiting musicians, but now, activities and communal meals have vanished. Apart from one quick visit in the lobby, she has not seen her daughter in person in six months; they communicate through 15-minute video calls when staff members can arrange them.

“She’s more isolated in her room now,” Dr. Spangler said. “And she misses having a dog.” Knowing that her mother wasn’t able to look after a pet, even if the institution where she lives had permitted animals, Dr. Spangler looked online for the robotic pets she had heard about. She found a little robotic dog with sensors that allow it to make sounds and movements similar to the ones that a real dog would do. Unable to deliver the robot personally, Dr. Spangler asked a staff member to take it inside. Ten days later, in a video chat, she discovered that her mother had named the robot dog Dumbo.

The isolation caused by the coronavirus, not only in nursing homes, but also among old people living alone in their homes, has intensified interest in these products and increased sales. However, how the elderly will react is unpredictable. Some older people who had dementia and depression and had largely stopped eating started having meals at a fixed time because of the call of their robotic dogs, while others never feel attached to their electronic pets because they saw them only as devices.

As for Charlene Spangler, during a recent video chat she mentioned that her dog was barking and that she could feel its heartbeat. “It seems like there’s some interaction,” her daughter said. “So, for me it’s enough”

Adapted from http://nytimes.com

TEXT 2 LEXICON / PHONETICS (2 POINTS)

B. PHONETICS. (1 POINT) (0.25 points for each correct answer)

1.

How is the “s” pronounced in “lives”, /s/, /z/, or /ɪz/?

2.

How do you pronounce “ea” in “eaten”, /iː/, /e/, /ɪə/?

3.

How is the “-ed” pronounced in “asked”, /t/, /d/ or /ɪd/?

4.

How is the “a” pronounced in “later”: /æ/, /ɑː/ or /eɪ/?

Choose SIX of these sentences and rewrite them starting with the words given. Only the first six will be corrected. No points will be given for the extra ones.

1.

I've never read such a boring book.

This is

2.

Mark said to me: "How are you going to solve this problem?".

Mark asked me

3.

I didn't see the man. He took my wallet yesterday.

I didn't see

4.

We didn't bring money, so we didn't buy a present.

If

5.

They make wonderful sandwiches in this restaurant.

Wonderful sandwiches

6.

How long have you been watching this film?

When

7.

We won't stay in London if we don't find a good hotel.

Unless we

8.

Perhaps they will find a solution soon.

They

9.

My father is going to take our bags to the station.

Our bags

10.

Martin is my new neighbour. His sister works with me.

Martin,

11.

Susan said: "Mark, don't shout in class".

Susan told

12.

It's a pity I don't see you more often.

If only

PART III. WRITING

Write ONE of these two compositions (3 POINTS). If you write two, no points will be given to the second one. Your composition must have at least 125 words.

OPTION 1: "Everybody can help the environment". Give your opinion.

PART III. WRITING

Write ONE of these two compositions (3 POINTS). If you write two, no points will be given to the second one. Your composition must have at least 125 words.

OPTION 2: The advantages and disadvantages of having a robotic pet at home.