Aprendizaje del Inglés: Describiendo Objetos y Personas

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English Language Learning: Unit 2 - Describing Objects and People Grammar: Demonstrative Adjectives (this/that, these/those) Demonstrative adjectives are used to point to specific people, animals, or things. This and These are used for things that are near the speaker. This is used for singular nouns. Example: This is a rabbit. (The rabbit is near.) These is used for plural nouns. Example: These are rabbits. (The rabbits are near.) That and Those are used for things that are far from the speaker. That is used for singular nouns. Example: That is a cat. (The cat is far.) Those is used for plural nouns. Example: Those are cats.

(The cats are far.) Asking Questions: When asking questions about objects using demonstrative adjectives, you use: "What's this?" (for singular, near) "What are these?" (for plural, near) "What's that?" (for singular, far) "What are those?" (for plural, far) Answering Questions: When answering these questions, you use: "It is" or "It's" for singular objects. Example: Q: What's that? A: It's a farmhouse. "They are" or "They're" for plural objects. Example: Q: What are those? A: They're cows.

Examples from Material: "These flowers are for you, Miss." (Flowers are near.) "And this apple is for you, Miss." (Apple is near.) "What's that mum?" (Asking about something far.) "It's a farmhouse." "And what are those?" (Asking about plural things far.) "They are cows." "These are... my shoes." (Shoes are near.) "That is an eagle." (Eagle is far.) "Those are... balloons." (Balloons are far.) "This is my hat." (Hat is near.) "Those are.... palm trees." (Palm trees are far.) "These are......

my books." (Books are near.) "This is a CD and that is a guitar." (CD is near, guitar is far.) "Those are tables and these are chairs." (Tables are far, chairs are near.) "These are baskets and those are umbrellas." (Baskets are near, umbrellas are far.) "This is an iron and that is a watch." (Iron is near, watch is far.) "These are buses and those are motorcycles." (Buses are near, motorcycles are far.) "That is an aeroplane and this is a car." (Aeroplane is far, car is near.) "This is a house and that is a windmill." (House is near, windmill is far.) "These are mirrors and those are towels." (Mirrors are near, towels are far.) "These are torches and those are lamps." (Torches are near, lamps are far.) "That is a chair and this is a bookcase." (Chair is far, bookcase is near.) "These are CDs and those are newspapers." (CDs are near, newspapers are far.) Vocabulary: Singular and Plural Objects, Articles (a/ an) Singular Nouns: Refer to one person, place, thing, or idea.

Plural Nouns: Refer to more than one person, place, thing, or idea. Many plural nouns are formed by adding "-s" to the singular form (e.g., car -> cars). Some plural nouns have irregular forms. Articles: a: Used before singular nouns that begin with a consonant sound. Example: a cellphone, a book, a key, a wallet, a pen, a rabbit, a cat, a farmhouse, a guitar, an iron, a watch, a car, a house, a chair, a bookcase, a CD. an: Used before singular nouns that begin with a vowel sound. Example: an ID card, an umbrella, an eagle, an aeroplane.

Things you might have in your bag: A cellphone A book A key An ID card A wallet An umbrella A credit card A pen Describing Objects You can describe objects using their characteristics. Structure for Description: This is a ____________. It is ____________. (color and size) It is used for ____________. It is mainly made of ____________. It is ____________. (other characteristics) Examples from Material: "This is an object made of paper. It is used to see dates, or days." (Calendar) 1. "This is an object made of plastic. It has keys with numbers on them. It is used for 2. calculating." (Calculator) "This is an object made of plastic or cardboard and it is used to keep documents 3.

inside." (Folder/Binder) "This is an object made of different materials. It has a screen and keys. It is used to make 4.

calls, to surf the internet, to listen to music and to communicate with others." (Smartphone/ Cell phone) Object Descriptions Practice: Flowers: "These flowers smell lovely." Clock: "This clock has hands but can't clap, and it tells you the time." Man: (Implied in context, e.g., "Who is that man?") Cake: (Implied in context, e.g., "Can I have some of that cake, please?") Shoes: "Can I have those in red, please?" Car: "Who is that car?" (This question is phrased unusually, likely meant to ask "Whose car is that?") Grammar: Possessive Adjectives Possessive adjectives show ownership. They come before the noun they modify.

my: belonging to me your: belonging to you (singular or plural) his: belonging to him (a male person) her: belonging to her (a female person) its: belonging to it (a thing or animal) our: belonging to us (we) their: belonging to them (they) Examples from Material: "Hello, I'm Selene and this is my house. This is my sister's room. Her favorite colors are orange and purple. My room is very different. My favorite colors are white, pink and red. Our living room is kind of small, but our TV is really big. My parents' bedroom is big too. This is their balcony. That's our dog Shanky. Its tail is short and its fur is gold and white. My brother is very lucky. There's a nice bathroom in his bedroom.

What about yours? Is there a bathroom in your bedroom too?" "A. The money is in your wallet." "B. I drink coffee from my green cup." "C. She writes new words in her notebook." "D. They look really happy in their photo." "E. He plays games on his tablet." "F. We both need our glasses when we read or drive." Grammar: Genitive Case ('s) The genitive case is used to show possession, usually between people or between people and things. Add 's to singular nouns to show possession. Example: My sister's room. (The room belongs to my sister.) Example: My parents' bedroom. (The bedroom belongs to my parents.) If a noun is already plural and ends in 's', you usually just add an apostrophe (').

Example: The students' books. (The books belong to the students.) Examples from Material: "This is my sister's room." "My parents' bedroom is big too." "Aunt Sophia is April's ____________." (daughter) "George is Tom's ____________." (grandson) "Dad Tom is April's ____________." (father) "Ann is Mary's ____________." (daughter) "Grandad Tom is Ann's ____________." (father) "Emma is Ann's ____________." (mother) "George is Jerry's ____________." (son) "A. Whose cup is it? It's Maria's cup." "B. Whose house is it? It's the Martinez family's house." "C. Whose tablet is on the table? It's Mia's tablet." "D. Whose partner is Daniel? He's Sarah's partner." "E. Whose grandparents are Maria and Alto?

They are Mia and Cory's grandparents." Reading and Listening Comprehension The materials include dialogues and texts to practice listening and reading skills. These exercises focus on: Identifying objects using demonstrative adjectives. Understanding descriptions of objects and people. Asking and answering questions about possessions. Comprehending family relationships and characteristics. Example Dialogue (Listening Exercise 1): Amy: Excuse me. What are those? Joe: They're ____________. Amy: Oh, they're cute! And is that a ____________? Joe: Yes, it is. Amy: Are these sunglasses? Joe: Yes, they are. They're ____________ dollars. Amy: Oh! That's a lot. I'm sorry. Bye. Joe: Excuse me, miss!

Is this ____________ your ____________? Amy: Oh, yes, it is. Thanks! Joe: You're welcome. So, how about ____________ dollars for the sunglasses? Amy: Really? OK! Example Text (Martinez Family): This text describes the Martinez family, including their names, ages, relationships, and some of their preferences and possessions. It provides opportunities to practice identifying possessives, family members, and descriptive details. Writing: Describing Your "Dream Car" This section focuses on writing a short paragraph to describe a car, emphasizing: Sentence structure. Using periods to separate sentences. Using adjectives to describe characteristics (color, size, material, etc.).

Potential Sentence Starters: My dream car is a ____________. It is ____________. (color) It is ____________. (size) It is made of ____________. (material) It has ____________. (features) It is used for ____________. (purpose) Vocabulary: Colors and Adjectives for Description Colors: red, yellow, blue, green, black, white, orange, purple, pink General Adjectives: big, small, cute, cool, fast, long, thin, soft, squishy, good, great, nice, lovely, interesting, good-looking, happy, lucky, old, young.

Family Members Grandad/Grandfather Grandma/Grandmother Mom/Mother Dad/Father Uncle Aunt Sister Brother Cousin Son Daughter Parents Children Partner Husband Wife Grandson Granddaughter Pet Numbers and Currencies The materials touch upon numbers and currency in the context of asking "How much is it?" and in dialogue examples where prices are mentioned in "dollars." Asking Prices: "How much is it?" (for singular items) "How much are they?" (for plural items) Answering Prices: "It is ____________ dollars." "They are ____________ dollars."