Examen de Inglés PAU Extremadura 2024 · Extraordinaria

EXERCISE 1. Answer 3 of the following 4 questions, providing evidence from the text (maximum 1 point each, total 3 points):

a.

Does the text say that lung transplants are difficult to perform?

b.

According to the text, does the new technique hurt more than before?

c.

Is the following statement true or false?

The robot can only be used for lung transplants.

d.

According to the text, are the majority of organ donors in the world from Spain?

EXERCISE 2. Find in the text words to solve 4 of the following 5 questions. Use just one word in each case (maximum 0,5 points per word, total 2 points):

a.

Find a word for this definition: An internal organ that allows you to breathe.

b.

Find a word for this definition: A person that gives away something (i.e., blood, money) to help others.

c.

This T-shirt is very

, so you can put it on even if it looks small.

d.

Find an antonym for thin or smooth.

e.

Find a word for this definition: (adj.) related to operations and other invasive medical procedures.

Reading comprehension: Text 2

AI chatbots are sparking romance

A few months ago, Derek Carrier started seeing someone. He experienced romantic feelings, but he also knew it was an illusion. That's because his girlfriend was generated by artificial intelligence. Carrier didn't want to develop a relationship with something that wasn't real, but he did want a romantic partner, in part because he was born with Marfan syndrome, which makes traditional dating tough for him. The 39-year-old from Michigan became more curious about digital companions last year and tested an AI app that had recently come onto the market. Advertising said that it made users feel “understood and loved.”

Similar to general AI chatbots, companion bots mimic human language. But they also come with features — such as voice calls, picture exchanges and more emotional exchanges — that allow them to form deeper connections with the humans on the other side of the screen. Users typically create their own avatar or choose one that appeals to them.

But researchers are concerned about data privacy, among other issues. An analysis of 11 romantic chatbot apps revealed that every app sells user data or doesn't provide adequate information about it in their privacy policy. Meanwhile, other experts have expressed concerns about what they see as a lack of legal or ethical principles. These apps facilitate deep bonds but are being driven by companies looking to make profits.

Last year, AI company Replika launched “Blush,” a “dating stimulator” essentially designed to help people practice dating. Some people worry that AI relationships could give users unrealistic expectations because chatbots tend to be agreeable all the time. One recent study from researchers at Stanford University surveyed approximately 1,000 Replika users — all students — who had been on the app for over a month. It found that the vast majority of them experienced loneliness, while almost half of them felt it more acutely.

(CBC News. February 2024. Adapted)

EXERCISE 1. Answer 3 of the following 4 questions, providing evidence from the text (maximum 1 point each, total 3 points):

a.

Is the following sentence true or false?

Derek Carrier is in his mid-forties.

b.

Does the text say that companion bots can imitate the way people speak?

c.

According to the text, are app developers motivated by economic factors?

d.

Does the text say that Replika users feel emotionally better after using the app?

Reading comprehension: Text 2

AI chatbots are sparking romance

A few months ago, Derek Carrier started seeing someone. He experienced romantic feelings, but he also knew it was an illusion. That's because his girlfriend was generated by artificial intelligence. Carrier didn't want to develop a relationship with something that wasn't real, but he did want a romantic partner, in part because he was born with Marfan syndrome, which makes traditional dating tough for him. The 39-year-old from Michigan became more curious about digital companions last year and tested an AI app that had recently come onto the market. Advertising said that it made users feel “understood and loved.”

Similar to general AI chatbots, companion bots mimic human language. But they also come with features — such as voice calls, picture exchanges and more emotional exchanges — that allow them to form deeper connections with the humans on the other side of the screen. Users typically create their own avatar or choose one that appeals to them.

But researchers are concerned about data privacy, among other issues. An analysis of 11 romantic chatbot apps revealed that every app sells user data or doesn't provide adequate information about it in their privacy policy. Meanwhile, other experts have expressed concerns about what they see as a lack of legal or ethical principles. These apps facilitate deep bonds but are being driven by companies looking to make profits.

Last year, AI company Replika launched “Blush,” a “dating stimulator” essentially designed to help people practice dating. Some people worry that AI relationships could give users unrealistic expectations because chatbots tend to be agreeable all the time. One recent study from researchers at Stanford University surveyed approximately 1,000 Replika users — all students — who had been on the app for over a month. It found that the vast majority of them experienced loneliness, while almost half of them felt it more acutely.

(CBC News. February 2024. Adapted)

EXERCISE 2. Find in the text words to solve 4 of the following 5 questions. Use just one word in each case (maximum 0,5 points per word, total 2 points):

a.

Find a synonym for disease, disorder.

b.

Find a word for this definition: marketing tactics used to publicise products.

c.

Find a synonym for imitate, copy.

d.

Sales have gone down sharply this year, so will also be lower.

e.

Find an antonym for unpleasant, unfriendly.

SEGUNDO BLOQUE: REDACCIÓN

El segundo bloque consiste en una pregunta de redacción con tres opciones, de las cuales el alumno deberá escoger y realizar tan solo una. La redacción tendrá que contener cien palabras como mínimo. La puntuación máxima es de tres puntos.

a.

Write a story that ends with the following words: “At that moment, Julia realized that she was talking to an app, not a person.” Remember that the 15 words in this sentence cannot be counted in the 100 words you must write.

SEGUNDO BLOQUE: REDACCIÓN

El segundo bloque consiste en una pregunta de redacción con tres opciones, de las cuales el alumno deberá escoger y realizar tan solo una. La redacción tendrá que contener cien palabras como mínimo. La puntuación máxima es de tres puntos.

b.

Would you like to be an organ donor? Why or why not?

SEGUNDO BLOQUE: REDACCIÓN

El segundo bloque consiste en una pregunta de redacción con tres opciones, de las cuales el alumno deberá escoger y realizar tan solo una. La redacción tendrá que contener cien palabras como mínimo. La puntuación máxima es de tres puntos.

c.

Do you think AI chatbot apps can help some people? How?

TERCER BLOQUE: TRANSFORMACIÓN GRAMATICAL

El tercer bloque contiene seis ejercicios de transformación gramatical, de los cuales el alumno deberá escoger y contestar exclusivamente cuatro. Cada ejercicio contestado vale medio punto como máximo. La puntuación máxima del bloque en su conjunto es de dos puntos.

a.

Rewrite the following sentence in reported speech, beginning “Researchers complained...”

The companies aren’t showing any ethical principles in this process.

b.

Rewrite the following sentence in the negative-interrogative form of the future perfect. Do not omit any part of it.

The patient wakes up from anaesthesia after five hours.

c.

Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first one. You must not change the initial word in any way or omit any element from the original sentence:

Users will only choose an avatar if they really like it.

d.

Rewrite the following sentence as a second-type (hypothetical) conditional:

If they had made a larger incision, the patient would have felt sharp pain.

e.

Rewrite the following two sentences into a main clause and a defining relative clause.

The name of the company is Replika. Replika launched a popular companion app.

f.

Rewrite the following sentence in the passive voice. Do not omit any part of it.

Surgeons made smaller cuts to the side of the rib cage.