Problema 1 · Inglés PAU Canarias Junio (Humanidades) 2025

UK children shorter, fatter and sicker, report finds

According to a report by the Food Foundation, children across the UK are getting shorter, fatter and sicker. This concerning deterioration is attributed to an epidemic of poor diets that lack essential nutrients, the aggressive marketing of cheap ultra-processed food, as well as poverty and food insecurity.

The report alerts that millions of children are facing a “timebomb” of avoidable health conditions. The average height of five-year-olds is falling. Obesity levels have increased by almost a third among the young. And the number of young people being diagnosed with type 2 diabetes has risen by more than a fifth.

The findings conclude that failure to reverse this alarming trajectory will result in future generations suffering from diet-related illnesses—along with the mental health impact of living with these diseases—followed by premature death.

Due to the seriousness of this issue, health experts, politicians and food campaigners have warned that if it is not urgently addressed, the crisis could overwhelm the National Health System (NHS) and weaken the economy for decades, as it may leave much of the population too sick to work. “We need the government to take decisive action to make healthy and sustainable food affordable, reduce the constant flow of junk food and realise that investing in children’s health is an investment in the future of the country.”

Interestingly, the report also reveals a significant change in our understanding of health issues. “We used to think that the combination of undernutrition and obesity predominantly affected low- and middle-income nations. However, it is also becoming a concern in more developed countries. In Britain, for instance, we are seeing a dramatic worsening in children’s health in 2024.”

On the other hand, this document additionally highlights that children’s dietary health “has not been taken sufficiently seriously” and that “policy in this area has been mediocre and wholly insufficient to address the severity of the problem.” It points out that the aggressive promotion of cheap junk food, combined with food insecurity caused by poverty and deprivation, creates an environment that makes it extremely difficult to feed children healthily.

The British chef and food campaigner Jamie Oliver has strongly emphasised the need to tackle this problem: “Children are not being given the opportunity to become happy and healthy individuals. We must change this trend if we want to have the healthiest generation of kids. To achieve this, we need to examine the food that sustains us. And right now, what we are finding out is not pretty.”

Fragment adapted from The Guardian, June 2024

1. Say whether the following sentences are TRUE or FALSE according to the text. COPY the evidence from the text. No marks will be given without the evidence. [1.5 points]

a)

Despite a clear decline in children’s health, the amount of young people suffering from diabetes has not significantly varied in recent years.

TRUE

FALSE

b)

The current dietary habits among young people will have no impact on the British National Health System.

TRUE

FALSE

c)

According to the Food Foundation, it is hard for families to encourage healthier eating habits today.

TRUE

FALSE